Topic 5 - The UK's Evolving Human Landscape Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the UK’s capital city?
London – the political, economic, and cultural centre of the UK, attracting people and investment.
What region of the UK is London located in?
The South East – an area with strong economic growth and close proximity to Europe.
Define ‘conurbation’.
A large urban area formed when towns and cities merge, usually due to population growth and urban sprawl.
Approximately how many people live in London?
About 9 million – due to migration, economic opportunities, and natural increase.
Name two major international airports in London.
Heathrow and Gatwick – they connect London globally, boosting trade and tourism.
What is urbanisation?
The growth in the proportion of people living in cities, often driven by job opportunities and better services.
What is gentrification?
Wealthier people move into an area, raising property values and changing the community – often displacing poorer residents.
What is a greenfield site?
Undeveloped land in rural areas, often used for housing due to housing shortages in cities.
What is a brownfield site?
Previously used land in cities that is redeveloped to avoid building on greenfield land.
Which river flows through London?
The River Thames – it historically supported trade and helped London grow as a port.
Why has London’s population grown rapidly?
Due to natural increase and migration, drawn by jobs, education, and a diverse lifestyle.
How has migration shaped London’s character?
It’s made the city multicultural, influencing food, language, festivals, and community life.
Explain how London’s location contributes to its global importance.
It’s positioned between the US and Europe with excellent transport and business links.
Why are house prices high in London?
High demand from population growth and foreign investment, combined with limited space.
What challenges are caused by inequality in London?
It leads to a divide in health, education, and opportunities between rich and poor areas.
What is urban regeneration?
Redeveloping old areas to improve housing and economy – often to attract people and investment.
What was the aim of the London Docklands regeneration?
To transform derelict docks into a business and housing hub, boosting the local economy.
What is the significance of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park?
It regenerated East London, creating homes, jobs, and green spaces after the 2012 Olympics.
Why is London’s public transport system important?
It reduces traffic, connects people to jobs, and helps tackle pollution.
How has London’s economy changed over time?
It shifted from manufacturing to services like finance and tech, due to globalisation.
Describe one way regeneration in London has affected local people.
It brought new facilities and jobs but also increased living costs for locals.
Compare a wealthy and a deprived area of London.
Kensington: rich, high life expectancy. Newham: poorer, more health and job issues – shows inequality.
Why is there pressure to build on greenfield sites around London?
To meet the demand for housing from a growing population.
What is a downside of building on greenfield sites?
It destroys natural habitats and increases urban sprawl.
