Topic 6 - Immunity, Infection & Forensics

Question 1

Understand how to determine the time of death of a mammal by examining the extent of decomposition.

Answer 1

6.1

Question 2

Understand how to determine the time of death of a mammal by examining the forensic entomology

Answer 2

6.1

Question 3

Understand how to determine the time of death of a mammal by examining the stages of succession

Answer 3

6.1

Question 4

Understand how to determine the time of death of a mammal by examining the body temperature

Answer 4

6.1

Question 5

Understand how to determine the time of death of a mammal by examining the degree of muscle contraction

Answer 5

6.1

Question 6

Know the role of micro-organisms in the decomposition of organic matter & the recycling of carbon.

Answer 6

6.2

Question 7

Know how DNA profiling is used for identification & determining genetic relationships between organisms (plants & animals).

Answer 7

6.3

Question 8

Know how DNA can be amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Answer 8

6.4

Question 9

Use gel electrophoresis to separate DNA fragments of different length.

Answer 9

Core practical 14

Question 10

Be able to compare the structure of bacteria + viruses.

Answer 10

6.5

Question 11

Understand how TB + HIV infect human cells, causing a sequence of symptoms that may result in death.

Answer 11

6.6

Question 12

Understand the non-specific responses of the body to infection, including inflammation, lysozyme action, interferon & phagocytosis.

Answer 12

6.7

Question 13

Understand the role of antigens & antibodies in the body’s immune response including the involvement of plasma cells, macrophages & antigen-presenting cells.

Answer 13

6.8

Question 14

Understand the differences between the roles of B cells (memory + effector) and T cells (helper, killer + memory) in the body’s immune system.

Answer 14

6.9

Question 15

Understand how one gene can give rise to more than one protein through post transcriptional changes to messenger RNA (mRNA).

Answer 15

6.10

Question 16

Know the major routes pathogens may take when entering the body.

Answer 16

6.11 (i)

Question 17

Understand the role of barriers in protecting the body from infection, including skin, stomach acid, gut & skin flora.

Answer 17

6.11 (ii)

Question 18

Understand how individuals may develop immunity (natural, artificial, active & passive).

Answer 18

6.12

Question 19

Understand how the theory of an ‘evolutionary race’ between pathogens and their hosts is supported by the evasion mechanisms shown by pathogens.

Answer 19

6.13

Question 20

Understand the difference between bacteriostatic & bactericidal antibiotics.

Answer 20

6.14

Question 21

Investigate the effect of different antibiotics on bacteria.

Answer 21

Core Practical 15

Question 22

Know how an understanding of the contributory causes of hospital acquired infections have led to codes of practice regarding antibiotic prescription & hospital practice that relate to infection, prevention & control.

Answer 22

6.15