Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Geog 480 > Topic 7 > Flashcards

Topic 7 Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

general principles of colour theory

A

not everyone perceives colour the same
we primarily see EMR from the sun
approx 400-700nm (what we can see)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

colour detection: rods

A

sensitive to brightness changes
about 120 million
monochromatic vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

colour detection: cones

A

6-7 million
three types
red sensitive “L” cones
green sensitive “M” cones
blue sensitive “S” cones

Note: midpoints of cones sensitivities do not always match the wavelenght (ex. green highpoint is in yellow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the macula

A

back of the eye
macula degeneration can no longer see straight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the fovea

A

used to collect colour information
higher concentration of cones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

beyond the eye: colour reception

A

signals collected by bipolar and ganglion cells sent to optic nerve

processed by visual cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is rhodopsin

A

proteins that transmit information

information sent to the visual cortex (back of head)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Craig Blackwell Video #1

A

Colour basics
spectro - rainbow (natural colours)
white = achromatic
sunlight contains perceptable light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

blackwell additive colour mixing

A

255 = fully saturated
0 = full black
all 126 = grey
all 255 = white

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

blackwell subtractive colours

A

cyan, magenta, red, yellow, green
complimentary colours put together = white

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

blackwell difference between additive and subtractive colours

A

adding different wavelengths
subtractive is taking away wavelenghts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Craig Blackwell Video #2

A

colour matching
3 basic colours to create a match for all other colours
trisstimulus = 3 colours used to make a match
not all colours can be matched by RGB primarys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

blackwell chromaticity diagram CIE

A

spectral locus - colour of spectrum mapped onto diagram allows for x,y graph

outside the triangle cannot be matched
can only match within the triangle or boundary

this boundary is referred to as the GAMUT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Craig Blackwell Video #3

A

colour mapping
where it intersects when mixing is the dominant wavelength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Craig Blackwell Video #4

A

cones to see colour
cones sense RGB
send to cortex (brain)
produces what we see

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

blackwell colour perception order

A

cornea/lens - retina - optic nerve

3 layers of nerve cells in retina (RGB)

rods do not contribute to colour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

3 layers of cones

A

blue or S = short
green or M = medium
red or L = long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

blackwell receptive field

A

bullseye
center surround
on center = positive
off surround = negative

both of these work vice versa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

balckwell opponent colours

A

black / yellow
green / red
cones = 3 colours
opponent = 4 colours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

opponent colours channels

A

black vs white

green vs red

blue vs yellow

unique hues
Blue, green, yellow, red (pure colours)

1 cone = 200 levels
2 cones = 10,000 colours
3 cones = 500K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Craig Blackwell Video #5

A

one cone wont get you colour vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Craig Blackwell Video #6

A

humans and animals
when you are focused on something, other things are perceived differently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is rod monochromad

A

1 rod
only functions in dim light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is cone chromat

A

one one cone
only brightness
only blue working = gg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is di chromat
only two cones working
26
what is trichromat
3 cones working
27
what type of colour mixing is CMYK
subtractive colour mixing
28
colour models (6_)
RGB CMYK HSV ( hue, saturation, value (lightness)) Munsell (hue, value, chroma (saturation)) HVC CIE (international commission on illumination)
29
RGB colour model
additive colour theory works well with computers and colours on monitors has a few drawbacks not linear hard to deal with colour is not linearily perceptable and depends on your output device
30
what controls RGB channel intensity
intensitites are based on numbers 255 different number of intensities binary = 8 bit can only be on or off lowest = 0 highest = 255 (8 bit) 16 bit = 65535
31
what is "true colour"?
24 bit 3 - 8 bit layers (RGB)
32
describe additive colour mixing
0,0,255 = full blue 255, 255, 255 = all white 64,64,64 = grey
33
full intensity green and blue gives....
cyan
34
describe hue
relates to wavelenght of light, location along a colour wheel usually describes as an angle
35
describe brightness
visual perception of an area emitting or reflecting more or less light
36
describe lightness/value
perceived brightness of an area compared to a similarily illuminated white
37
describe colourfullness
the way we perceive the absolute amount of bias among the long, middle and short wavelenghts relative to daylight
38
describe saturation
colourfullness of an area judged in proportion to its brightness. how we perceive proportional amount of bias among the L,M, S wavelenghts relative to light
39
describe chroma
the perceived colour difference from a grey of the same lightness. how we perceive the objects efficiency as a spectrally selective reflector/transmitter of light
40
saturation in a RGB colour model
not linear perceptually
41
HSV characteristics
separate out the things we normally perceive
42
munsell colour model characteristics
designed for artists different hues "around the circle" bubbles out in the mid area of the diagram1
43
HSV vs RGB
RGB = convinient for colour production HSV - attempts to mimic how humans perceive light as value increases, more hues become perceptable
44
HSV vs HSL
cylinders but drawn into cone and bi-cone Saturation: colourfullness of area judged against brightness Chroma: the perceived colour difference from a grey of the same lightness
45
components of colour perception/detection
trichromatic - based on wavelength sensitivities of three cone types Opponent-process lightness-darkness channel
46
Cie colour models
objectives: to create perceptually uniform colour models to measure and compare colours CIE labusually found in softwares chromaticity is the basis A, b are colour opponents in CIE lab
47
what is a hexcode
unique number that applies to an absolute colour across all digital platforms
48
how many ways to quantify colour in photoshop?
5
49
colour-vision impairment
4-6% in Europe and NA two main types: anamalous trichromats dichromats Cause? change in colours that cones are sensitive links between cones and ganglion and bipolar cells
50
Cie xyz vision impairment
do not hold back A or B channels constant and move the other (they represent colour impairment controls)
51
arc GIS pro colour models
a/b channels need to move cooperatley Why is K(black inserted) people want to print in basic black cant reproduce a perfect black with CMYK
52
Arc Gis pro colour vision simulator
protanopia (red blindness) deutrernopia ( green blindness) tritanopia (blue blindness) not sex linked similar feature in colour brewer software
53
Where does RGB colour blindness occur
occurs on the x chromosome
54
what is successive contrast
colour production is "off" after being exhausted on something else
55
simultaneous contast (more important)
perception of colour difference dependeont on the background figure/ground + colour this is how the american flag opponent colours thing works
56
RGB vs CMYK
RGB is additive colour CMYK is subtractive colour mixing density of dots gives a pure and darker colour
57
how do printers and plots work
dots on the page merge together and we perceive as a whole
58
what is dithering
how the blotches are arranged on a page
59
colour vision impairments - protonopia
red blindness (L) missing L cones - dichromats less sensitive to red- anomalous trichromats sex linked
60
colour vision impairments - deuteranopia
green blindness (M) missing m cones = dicrohmats less sensitive to green - ana=omalous trichromats sex linked
61
colour vision impairments - tritanopia
blue blindess (S) missing s cones - dirchromats less sensitive to blue - anomalous trichromats not sex related

Geog 480 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions