Topic 8 Medical Workbook Flashcards
(61 cards)
1
Q
What is the difference between a sign and a symptom in medical terms?
A
A sign is something that can be seen by the examiner, while a symptom is something expressed by the incarcerated person.
2
Q
What are some examples of signs of ill health?
A
- Sweating
- Pale skin
- Bleeding
- Deformity
3
Q
What are common symptoms of abdominal pain?
A
- Cramping
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
4
Q
What are the symptoms associated with chest pain?
A
- Crushing
- Squeezing
- Radiates to left or right side of head, neck and face
- Nausea
- Vomiting
5
Q
What is delirium tremens (DT’s) and when does it typically occur?
A
DT’s usually start 48-72 hours after the last drink.
6
Q
What symptoms may occur during delirium tremens?
A
- Confusion
- Racing heart
- High blood pressure
- Fever
- Heavy sweating
- Anxiety
- Shaky hands
- Headache
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Insomnia
7
Q
What are the signs and symptoms of the flu?
A
- Overall malaise
- Body aches
- Possible fever
8
Q
What are the symptoms of lice infestation?
A
- Head itching
- Possible head sores
- Red bumps on neck and shoulders
- Lice eggs
9
Q
What does Title 15 Section 1051 state regarding communicable diseases?
A
Facility managers must segregate incarcerated persons with suspected communicable diseases until a medical evaluation is completed.
10
Q
What is included in the management plan for communicable diseases per Title 15 Section 1206.5?
A
- Identification
- Treatment
- Control
- Follow-up management
11
Q
What are the symptoms of herpes?
A
- Flu-like symptoms
- Fever
- Body aches
- Burning while urinating
- Very painful genital blisters
12
Q
What are common symptoms of gonorrhea?
A
- Painful urination
- Abnormal genital discharge
- Testicle pain
- Abdominal pain or no symptoms
13
Q
What are the early signs of Hepatitis?
A
- General fatigue
- Joint and muscle pain
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea or constipation
- Low-grade fever
14
Q
How is Hepatitis A transmitted?
A
Through food or water contaminated by feces.
15
Q
How long can Hepatitis B survive outside the body?
A
7 days.
16
Q
What are the symptoms of tuberculosis?
A
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Weight loss
- Coughing up blood-tinged discharge
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
17
Q
What does HIV do to the body?
A
It attacks cells that help the body fight infections, making a person more vulnerable to other infections.
18
Q
What are the primary modes of transmission for the flu?
A
Tiny droplets made when people cough, sneeze, or talk.
19
Q
What are universal safety precautions?
A
The use of protective materials designed to protect you from contracting diseases from others.
20
Q
When should gloves be worn according to universal safety precautions?
A
When searching personal property or having contact with an incarcerated person who is injured, cut, or bleeding.
21
Q
What types of waste should be disposed of in special red trash bags?
A
Infectious waste.
22
Q
What is the recommended action after handling trash and dirty linens?
A
Always wash your hands and work station.
23
Q
What is the survival duration of MRSA on hard surfaces?
A
Days to weeks.
24
Q
What common disease can be spread through direct contact with infected secretions?
A
The common cold.
25
How long can Hepatitis A survive on surfaces?
Can live for months
## Footnote
Hepatitis A can remain infectious on surfaces for extended periods, emphasizing the importance of hygiene.
26
What is the survival duration of Hepatitis B outside the body?
Can live 1 week
## Footnote
Hepatitis B is resilient and can pose risks even after a week on surfaces.
27
Hepatitis C can survive for how long outside the body?
Survives between 16 hours to several weeks
## Footnote
The variability in survival time highlights the need for consistent sanitation.
28
What is the survival time of HIV outside the body?
Dies very quickly
## Footnote
HIV is less resilient outside the human body compared to other viruses.
29
How long can MRSA survive on hard surfaces?
Can survive days to weeks
## Footnote
MRSA's durability on surfaces underscores the need for strict infection control measures.
30
What is the survival duration of TB on clothing?
Can live 45 days on clothing
## Footnote
TB's extended survival time necessitates careful handling of potentially contaminated items.
31
What are normal signs of aging?
* Decreased muscle compared to fat
* Osteoporosis
* Coronary Artery Disease/Heart failure
* Pneumonia
* Cancer
* Urinary incontinence
* DM/Thyroid dysfunction
## Footnote
Understanding these signs is crucial for providing appropriate care to elderly individuals.
32
What percentage of the U.S. prison population will be over 50 by 2030?
At least one-third
## Footnote
This demographic shift indicates a growing need for geriatric care in correctional facilities.
33
What is the estimated percentage of geriatric incarcerated persons in the U.S. prison population?
Approximately 16%
## Footnote
The increasing number of elderly offenders presents unique challenges in correctional health care.
34
By what percentage has the number of incarcerated persons age 55 or older increased between 1993 and 2013?
400%
## Footnote
This dramatic increase underscores the urgent need for tailored health services for older inmates.
35
What are some challenges faced by elderly offenders?
* Cost
* Medical needs (special diets, medication)
* Inexperienced staff
* Time spent with the offender
* More vulnerable to self-harm
* Victimizations
* Accessibility
* Fall risk
* Death
## Footnote
These challenges require specialized training and resources for staff working with elderly offenders.
36
What are common care requirements for the elderly population?
* Cognitive or physical function loss
* Special needs due to chronic medical problems
* Housing in medical units for intimate care
* Assistance for incarcerated persons with dementia
* Makeshift hospice wings for serious cognitive degeneration
## Footnote
These requirements highlight the need for comprehensive health care approaches in correctional facilities.
37
What is the average cost for an incarcerated person older than 55?
$70,000 to $100,000
## Footnote
The cost varies based on chronic conditions, reflecting the financial burden of elderly care in prisons.
38
What is the legal right of offenders regarding medication?
Offenders have the right to refuse medication unless it is a medical emergency
## Footnote
Informed consent is a fundamental principle in medical treatment, even for incarcerated individuals.
39
What is defined as informed consent?
The process by which a patient learns about and understands the purpose, benefits, and potential risks of a medical intervention
## Footnote
Informed consent must be obtained for treatments, reflecting the patient's autonomy.
40
In what situations can medical treatment be administered without consent?
In emergencies, when an individual is gravely disabled, or lacks capacity
## Footnote
This includes specific legal provisions for psychiatric medications.
41
What must happen if an orthopedic or prosthetic appliance is removed from an inmate?
The prisoner must be examined by a physician within 24 hours
## Footnote
This ensures the inmate's health and safety are prioritized even when security concerns arise.
42
What is an example of a medical emergency?
Difficulty breathing, chest pain, fainting, or uncontrolled bleeding
## Footnote
Recognizing these signs is critical for timely medical intervention.
43
What constitutes an urgent condition?
A condition that is not life-threatening but requires timely care
## Footnote
Understanding the distinction between urgent and emergent care is essential for appropriate responses.
44
What steps should an officer follow in a medical emergency?
* Remain calm
* Call for additional officers
* Secure other incarcerated persons
* Call for medical staff
* Call for an ambulance if applicable
* Start CPR if needed
* Assist medical staff if applicable
* Document the incident
## Footnote
Following these steps ensures safety and proper medical response during emergencies.
45
What should be done in response to an adverse reaction to medication?
* Notify medical staff
* Secure other incarcerated persons
* Have the person sit or lay down
* Gather information on the medication taken
## Footnote
Prompt action can prevent complications and ensure the inmate receives necessary care.
46
What is the procedure for an offender who refuses medical treatment?
* Face-to-face discussion
* Provide a refusal form
* Have the offender sign the form
* Document the refusal in the system
## Footnote
Documenting refusals is important for legal protection and continuity of care.
47
What are the potential liabilities for staff noncompliance with medical treatment?
Failure to conduct medical screenings can lead to legal repercussions
## Footnote
Compliance with medical protocols is crucial for the health of incarcerated persons and the legal protection of staff.
48
What is required for incarcerated persons at the time of intake?
A screening shall be completed on all incarcerated persons, including medical and mental health problems, developmental disabilities, and communicable diseases
## Footnote
Screening must be performed by licensed health personnel or trained facility staff.
49
Who is responsible for developing the written plan for medical care needs of incarcerated persons?
The facility administrator and responsible physician
## Footnote
This plan complies with Penal Code Section 2656.
50
What must the health authority develop regarding incarcerated persons needing treatment?
A written plan for identifying and/or referring any incarcerated person in need of medical, mental health, or developmental disability treatment
## Footnote
This applies at any time during incarceration.
51
When should health maintenance visits occur for incarcerated persons?
Within the second anniversary of incarceration
## Footnote
Age appropriate and risk factor based health maintenance visits are required.
52
What can result from staff noncompliance with medical treatment of offenders?
Consequences include:
* Violation of the Eighth Amendment
* Cruel and unusual treatment
* Deliberate indifference
* Legal and civil repercussions
## Footnote
More than mere negligence is required for liability.
53
What are some consequences of improper handling of medications?
Consequences include:
* Hoarding of medication
* Risk of suicide
* Intoxication
* Selling medications
* Security risks
## Footnote
Improper medication distribution can lead to serious health and safety issues.
54
Define the term 'administer' in the context of medication.
To make application of; give
## Footnote
This term is distinct from 'dispense' and 'deliver'.
55
What historical act established a federal program for vocational assistance to Americans with physical disabilities?
Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1920
## Footnote
This was one of the early steps toward disability rights in the U.S.
56
What does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) include?
The ADA includes both mental and physical medical conditions
## Footnote
A condition does not need to be severe or permanent to qualify as a disability.
57
What provisions does the ADA make regarding incarcerated persons with disabilities?
Provisions include:
* Equal physical access to facilities
* No inappropriate security classifications
* Proper medication and medical treatment
## Footnote
These ensure that incarcerated persons with disabilities have access to necessary services.
58
What is 'direct visual observation' according to Title 15?
Direct personal view of the incarcerated person in their surroundings without the aid of audio/video equipment
## Footnote
Supplementary audio/video monitoring is allowed but does not replace direct observation.
59
Under what conditions can a safety cell be used?
For incarcerated persons who display destructive behavior or intent to cause harm, with medical assessment required
## Footnote
Safety cells are not to be used for punishment.
60
What is the maximum time an inmate can remain in a sobering cell without evaluation?
No more than six hours without evaluation by medical or custody staff
## Footnote
All inmates must receive an evaluation by responsible health care staff within twelve hours.
61
What are the requirements for the sobering cell according to Title 24?
Requirements include:
* Minimum of 20 square feet per inmate
* Limited to 8 inmates
* Contains toilet, wash basin, and drinking fountain
## Footnote
The cell must also maximize visual supervision and be padded for safety.
