Toxicology

Question 1

effects produced by toxins not absorbed by GIT

Answer 1

Local effects

Question 2

Toxic therapeutic drugs

Answer 2

Acetaminophen

Salicylates

Question 3

Alcohol conc. that starts to show symptoms

Answer 3

> 0.05% w/v (>50 mg/dL)

Question 4

Legally accepted method for detection of alcohol intoxication

Answer 4

GLC

Question 5

Most common alcohol abused

Answer 5

Ethanol

Question 6

Fatal Dose of Ethanol

Answer 6

300-400 mL

Question 7

Persistent and prolonged CaOx crystals in urine

Answer 7

Ethylene glycol

Question 8

mental confusion, dizziness, strongly impaired motor skills

Answer 8

0.18-0.30

Question 9

coma & possible death

Answer 9

0.37-0.50

Question 10

unable to stand or walk, vomiting, impaired consciousness

Answer 10

0.27-0.40

Question 11

“cherry red color of face”

Answer 11

Carbon monoxide

Question 12

spx. of choice for Carbon Monoxide detection

Answer 12

EDTA

Question 13

Carbon monoxide action

Answer 13

binds with heme proteins; inhibits cellular respiration

Question 14

toxic level of Carbon monoxide

Answer 14

20% exposure

Question 15

fast acting toxin

Answer 15

Cyanide

Question 16

odor of bitter almonds

Answer 16

Cyanide

Question 17

odor of garlic breath and distinct metallic taste

Answer 17

Arsenic

Question 18

specimen for detection of Arsenic

Answer 18

urine (acute)
hair
nails

Question 19

arsenic rescue

Answer 19

BAL

Question 20

Lead chelators

Answer 20

EDTA & DMA

Question 21

Methods for Lead detection

Answer 21

Anodic stripping
voltametry
zinc protophyrin

Question 22

Specimen for Lead detection

Answer 22

EDTA WB

Question 23

Basophilic stippling

Answer 23

Lead Poisoning

Question 24

Mercury action

Answer 24

binds w/ proteins

Question 25

"amalgamates"

Answer 25

Mercury

Question 26

environmental pollutant, loss of glomerular fx. and CNS effect

Answer 26

Mercury

Question 27

specimen of choice for Mercury detection

Answer 27

urine, WB

Question 28

Prohibited drugs

Answer 28

``` Amphetamines Anabolic steroids Cannabinoids Cocaine Opiates Sedative hypnotics Tryptamines ```

Question 29

"business man's lunch"

Answer 29

Tryptamines

Question 30

component of "magic mushrooms"

Answer 30

Psilocyan

Question 31

not a true addictive drug

Answer 31

Cocaine

Question 32

drug that cross the placenta and mammary glands

Answer 32

Cocaine

Question 33

can cause sudden death

Answer 33

Cocaine

Question 34

urine metabolite of Cocaine

Answer 34

Benzaglycoine

Question 35

Cocaine antagonist

Answer 35

Prozac

Question 36

detected up to 45 days in urine

Answer 36

Cannabinoids | stored in adipose tissue

Question 37

prohibited drug that is a treatment for narcolepsy

Answer 37

Amphetamines

Question 38

derivative of Amphetamines; designer drug

Answer 38

Ecstasy

Question 39

Urine requirements for drug testing

Answer 39

Temp: 32-38'C (w/in 4 minutes) Urine spg: not < 1.003 or >1.025 Urine crea: < 20 mg/dL

Question 40

Adulterans

Answer 40

``` water liquid soap/bleach salt, vinegar, NH3, baking soda Glutaraldehyde, klear lemon uice, cologne ```

Question 41

why is urine the preferred specimen for Drug testing?

Answer 41

drug & metabolites have increased concentrations in urine than blood

Question 42

Drug testing gold standard

Answer 42

GC-MS

Question 43

other methods for drug testing

Answer 43

enzymatic | immunoassay/EMIT

Question 44

absence of GC-MS

Answer 44

TLC ---> EMIT *any confirmatory method used provided it is different from the primary/first method used

Question 45

(+) urine drug

Answer 45

12 hrs to 5 days

Question 46

specimen for alcohol testing

Answer 46

whole blood