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APUSH > Transformation of American Society 1815-1840 #3 > Flashcards

Transformation of American Society 1815-1840 #3 Flashcards

Chapter 9

1
Q

Era of Good Feeling

A

Monroe years

Nationalism

Republican

Debates: nationalism, national bank, internal improvements, public land sales

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2
Q

Dartmouth College vs. Woodward 1819

A

Contracts are sacred

Can’t revoke a charter even though it was made by the king

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3
Q

McCulloch vs. Maryland

A

Maryland tried to tax Baltimore branch of Bank of US

state had no right to control a federal government

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4
Q

Gibbons vs. Ogden

A

interstate commerce could not be regulated by a state

monopoly was voided

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5
Q

Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia

A

• Cherokees saw themselves as an independent republic within Georgia
• SC ruled:
o Denied the Cherokees’ claim to status as a republic within Georgia. Rather, they were a “domestic dependent nation”
o Prolonged occupancy had given the Cherokees a claim to their lands within Georgia

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6
Q

**Worcester vs. Georgia

A

John Marshall has made his decision. Now let him enforce it. – Jackson

• John Marshall
• SC ruled:
o The Cherokees are a distinct political community entitled to federal protection from tampering by Georgia

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7
Q

James Monroe

A

Acquisition of Florida

Missouri compromise

Monroe Doctrine

Popular among youth

Washington-like: take different ideologies into his cabinet

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8
Q

Cultural Nationalism

A

Mostly American youth

Don’t care about Europe

Want Westward expansion

Expand public school: Webster

Promote Patriotism

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9
Q

Tariff of 1816

A

First PROTECTIVE tariff

Didn’t want Europe dumping cheaper stuff on America and Americans losing business

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10
Q

Henry Clay’s American System

A

Advance economic growth

protective tariff: promote manufacturing

second bank: credit readily available, currency,

internal improvements (but Monroe veto)

National currency

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11
Q

Marshall Court

A

give more power to federal government

Federalist party ideologies

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12
Q

Panic of 1819

A

Fault of 2nd bank

Tighten credit when people needed to borrow

Euphoric ideologies in West, want more land

West become increasingly anti-government/rich

America can’t be dependent on foreign economies

o Showed how farmers were dependent on distant markets
o Search for better forms of transportation

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13
Q

Missouri compromise

A

population West of Applachians had doubled

36”30 lattitude
Maine-free
Missouri-slave

balance numbers

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14
Q

Monroe Doctrine

A

Europe, keep your hands off of America

Monroe doc and Wash’s Farewell become cornerstones of American foreign policy

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15
Q

Corrupt Bargain 1824

A

Election of 1824

Start of the second two-party system

no candidate had required majority
But Jackson had most votes

House of Reps decide

Clay wanted Adams to win so he would get Sec of State

Adam wins

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16
Q

Westward expansion

A
  • New values and customs in the west = “westerners”
  • Migrants expected a better like
  • More strength of the federal government
  • More power to just remove Indians
  • Boom in prices of agricultural commodities
  • Usually migrated as families
  • Clustered near water
  • Federal government gave people land to move out west
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17
Q

5 civilized tribes

A

• Cherokees, Choctaws, Creeks, Chickasaws, and Seminoles

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18
Q

Agricultural boom after War of 1812

A
  • Eli Whitney’s cotton gin

* “Alabama fever” 1817 – rush for land

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19
Q

• Speculators

A

o Bought land and sold it overpriced

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20
Q

• Squatters

A

Help themselves to western land

Disdaining land speculators

Pressured Congress for the right to purchase at the minimum price land that they had already settled on and improved

Exterted restraining influence on speculators

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21
Q

Transportation in the 1820s

A

Refused federal funds

inter-state highway

State and fed. $$s
States owned different segments

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22
Q

Andrew Jackson

A

Liked by the people
back-country/pioneer/democratic

King Andrew

Spoils system

Native Americans

23
Q

Election of 1828

A

first “modern” election

no property requirement (reached out to the masses)

written ballot

BBQs

24
Q

Spoils system/rotational office

A

Jackson

reward supporters w/ gov jobs

Promote government corruption

one man is as good as the next

strengthen two-party system

Jackson had separate Kitchen Cabinet

25
Q

Indian Removal Act 1830

A

Remove from NE/NY

This was best for NAs

26
Q

***Tariff of Abomination

A

reduced trade w/ Europe

27
Q

Factory system

A

NE becomes central

Water power
Good ports

28
Q

NYSE

A

1811 pass law

easier to invest and helpout to start businesses

29
Q

Labor/ Lowell system 1830

A

Lure of cheap Western lands

dormitories

Young farm women
Paid less

Hard to get males as migration hadn’t begun
Males: Hop on that cheap land

Child labor
Start of immigrant labor

30
Q

Unions

A

started from artisans who had their own shops

can’t compete with mass-production

31
Q

Urban women

A

teaching or domestic service

Lowell system– rural

32
Q

Economic opportunities in the 1800s

A

Wealth gap widens

Easier than Europe

33
Q

Social status gaps

A

everyone rides same RR
eats together, dresses similarily

self-made man

equal opportunity

low/middle class begin to vote

34
Q

**Anti-Masonary

A
  • A protest movement against the secrecy and exclusiveness of the Masonic lodges, which had long provided prominent men with fraternal fellowship and exotic rituals
  • Set off by the disappearance of William Morgan 1826, who had threatened to expose Masonic secrets
35
Q

Third-party politics

A

anti-masons
workingmen

previously uninterested in politics

36
Q

Democrats vs. Whigs

A

change from Monroe’s one-party system

Demo- Jackson

Whigs- Clay

37
Q

Whigs

A

Hamiltonian/Fedralistic

national bank

Against immigrants

NE/middle-class/urban/protestant

38
Q

Jackson and the National bank

A

blame panic of 1819 on bank

“kill” it by withdrawing all federal funds

Thinks it is unconstitutional

Only backs the rich

39
Q

Nullification Crisis

A

Calhoun assert rights of states to nullify federal legislation

Really only Supreme Court can do that

SC’s rebellion against Tariff of Abomination

40
Q

John C Calhoun

A

BFFs with Jackson
Wanted to be president –> get support from South –> south afraid that law to abolish slavery will pass –> Calhoun supported nullification so that South could void law if anti-slavery law came around

41
Q

Specie Circular

A

Jackson doesn’t trust banks

Only buy land w. hard currency

lead to panic of 1837

42
Q

President Tyler

A

Whig in name only
Just didn’t like Jackson

Replacement for Harrison who died 1 month in office

43
Q

Eerie canal, RR

A

partially funded or encouraged by fed. gov.

Cheapen freight hakobi

44
Q

internal improvements

A

steam boats
canals
expand trade
give RR comps massive land

telegraphs
expand market for product and service
orders

45
Q

Samuel Slater

A

made first factory

46
Q

Lowell Offering

A

prodded the Lowell strike
Cuz of low wages

switch to Irish immigrants

47
Q

Southern slavery

A

couldn’t abolish even though slave trade was banned

Slavery and cotton were the engines behind American economic growth

48
Q

“John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it” means…

A

Move the Cherokees West of the Miss River regardless of SC ruling

49
Q

Medicine in the 1840s

A

No state required licenses or education

50
Q

1830s: crop and land use patterns

A

Old Northwest boomed with corn and wheat production

51
Q

John Marshall’s principles on Indian policy

A

As tribes, NA could NOT bring suit against fed gov

They were a domestic dependent nation

Entitled to fed protection

NA had a right to their land cuz of prolonged occupancy

52
Q

Population movement from 1790-1840

A

More inland

53
Q

Eastern residents vs frontier residents

A

frontier: looser attitude toward private property

APUSH (13 decks)

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