transport-1 Flashcards
(92 cards)
how do concentration gradients work
lead to solute transport predominantly towards the area of lower concentration (approaching equilibrium)
what happens if a charge separation exists across a membrane
it will create a transmembrane potential
what will create a transmembrane potential
if a charge separation exists across a membrane
what is an electrochemical gradient (what creates it)
combination of concentration and charge gradient
where will charged particles tend to move with electrical gradients
charged particles will move into the region of opposite charge
what does the C2 mean in
∆𝑮𝑻 = 𝐑𝐓 𝐥𝐧 𝑪𝟐 / 𝑪𝟏
+ 𝒁𝓕𝚫𝝍
[A] destination
what does the C1 mean in
∆𝑮𝑻 = 𝐑𝐓 𝐥𝐧 𝑪𝟐 / 𝑪𝟏
+ 𝒁𝓕𝚫𝝍
[A] origination
what does the Z mean in
∆𝑮𝑻 = 𝐑𝐓 𝐥𝐧 𝑪𝟐 / 𝑪𝟏
+ 𝒁𝓕𝚫𝝍
ionic charge
what does the F mean in
∆𝑮𝑻 = 𝐑𝐓 𝐥𝐧 𝑪𝟐 / 𝑪𝟏
+ 𝒁𝓕𝚫𝝍
faraday constant
what does the 𝚫𝝍 mean in
∆𝑮𝑻 = 𝐑𝐓 𝐥𝐧 𝑪𝟐 / 𝑪𝟏
+ 𝒁𝓕𝚫𝝍
membrane potential (usually -50mV)
do the calculation in the notes
okay
what does rate/kinetics across the membrane depend on
concentration of the molecules being transported and the nature of the transport process
how do small non polar molecules move across the membrane
diffuse freely (simple diffusion)
what do ionophores and channels do (simple)
allow molecules to move depending on concentration gradients
what do carriers do and what does the rate depend on
move molecules with a rate determined by both the gradients involved and the transporter kinetics (active and passive transporters)
what are the 2 main transporter types
passive and active
what do passive transporters do (what determines solute movement)
solute movement is determined by electrochemical gradient
what is the free energy of passive transporters
less than zero
what direction of movement happens with active transporters
movement of solute against the gradient
what is required in active transporters
energy input (coupled to exergonic process)
what is primary active transporter
exergonic chemical reaction
what is secondary active transporter
exergonic solute/ ion transport
what is the deltaG for active transport
less than zero
what is the deltaG solute/ion transport for secondary active transport
more than zero (its going against gradient)
