Transport Regulations Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is the Carriage of Dangerous Goods Regulations 2009?
Legal framework for transporting radioactive materials.
What is the CDG sign for radioactive materials?
What are UN package classification numbers?
Numbers used to classify the type and material of a package that contains dangerous goods.
What conditions make it unacceptable to transport a radioactive material?
- If the package is damaged
- If the package is incorrectly labelled
- If the person transporting the package isn’t the consignor
- If there is no issued transport document
- If a public service vehicle is being used
What training is required to transport dangerous goods?
- General awareness of the CDG regulations
- Safety training in radiation protection
- Security training
Who needs CDG training?
Consignors
Carriers
Consignees
What are the 3 stages of preparing a radioactive material for transport?
What is an excepted package?
A package exempt from the transport regulations due to the small quantity of radioactive material being transported. These materials must have no other dangerous properties.
What do the activity limits of excepted packages depend on?
- The isotope
- The physical state
- Whether or not the material is ‘special form’ (encapsulated and unlikely to disperse)
How do exempt radioactive materials (excepted packages) have to be packaged for transport?
- Minimum dimernsions of ≥ 10cm
- Prevent leakage of radioactive materials under normal conditions of transport
How do excepted packages have to be labelled for transport?
- UN number stated on the package exterior
- Radioactive marking visible upon opening the package
- All intruments/manufactured articles bearing the radioactive marking
- Consignor and consignee names and addresses clearly stated
What are the dose requirements of excepted packages?
- Source activity lower than in CDG tables
- Surface contamination less than 4 Bq/cm² for γ and β emitters
- Surface dose rate of package ≤ 5 µSv/hr
- Radiation level ≤ 100 µSv/hr at 10cm from the external surface when unpacked
What is a Type A package?
Radioactive materials with moderate levels of activity that exceed the limits of an excepted package, but don’t exceed the the A1 or A2 values.
What are the categories of Types A packages?
I-WHITE
II-YELLOW
III-YELLOW
III-YELLLOW under exclusive use
Which package type do most medical sources fall into?
Type A
How do Type A radioactive materials have to be packaged for transport?
- Minimum external dimernsions of ≥ 10cm
- Must have a seal to prove it hasn’t been opened
- Must be able to withstand ‘normal transport conditions’
- Must be able to withstand 1 hour of rainfall, dropping from a height of ~1m, stacking, piercing, temperature changes, and pressure changes
How do Type A packages have to be labelled for transport?
- Type A should be clearly marked on the package exterior
- Consignor and consignee name and address should be clearly stated
- Two external labels with: radiation trefoils, contents, activity, transport index (if greater than 0)
- Internal containers labelled with: a radiation trefoil, the isotope, activity, surface dose rate, source serial number
Describe the typical packaging for Type A radiopharmaceuticals
What is the transport index?
A number that indicates the radiation level at 1 meter from the surface of a package containing radioactive material.
The dose rate at 1m from the package (in mSv/hr) multiplied by 100.
A TI value should be rounded up to the first decimal place unless it is 0.05 or less, then it may be considered 0.
What is the TI of an I-WHITE package?
0
What is the TI of an II-YELLOW package?
Between 0 and 1
What is the TI of an III-YELLOW package?
Between 1 and 10
What is the TI of an III-YELLOW under exclusive use package?
More than 10
What is an industrial package?
Typically a sealed metal drum containing radioactive waste or ores.
