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Aphasia & Other Adult Language Disorders > Treatment for Aphasia > Flashcards

Treatment for Aphasia Flashcards

1
Q

general purpose of treatment

A
  • aphasia treatment is individualized
  • addressed the specific areas of need identified during assessment
  • specific goals identified by the person with aphasia and his or her family
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2
Q

WHO ICF framework definition of purpose

A

“goal of intervention is to help the individual achieve the highest level of independent function for participation in daily living”

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3
Q

specific intervention purpose

A
  • utilize strengths and address weakness
  • implement compensatory strategies to the patient and their partners
  • incorporate AAC strategies when appropriate
  • modify barriers
  • create accommodations (larger print, pictures, aphasia friendly formatting)
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4
Q

person and family centered care

A
  • collaborate approach between individuals, families, and clinicians
  • all parties are equally important
  • individual and family preferences are priority (chosen family, doesn’t have to be blood related)
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5
Q

person and family centered care: range of services

A
  • counseling
  • emotional support
  • providing resources
  • coordinating services
  • teaching specific skills to facilitate communication
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6
Q

treatment approaches

A
  • restorative
  • compensatory
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7
Q

treatment approaches: restorative

A
  • improving or restoring impaired function
  • activities and participation (WHO defined)
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8
Q

treatment approaches: compensatory

A
  • compensating for deficits that are not able to be retrained
  • body functions/structures (WHO defined)
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9
Q

community and support integration

A
  • community aphasia groups
  • life participation approach to aphasia (LPAA)
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10
Q

community aphasia groups

A
  • “treatment and support for people with aphasia that can improve linguistic functioning in a naturalistic setting”
  • family members can also benefit
  • socializing, sharing ideas, feelings, learn more information
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11
Q

life participation approach to aphasia (LPAA)

A
  • “general philosophy and model of consumer-driven service delivery and not a specific clinical approach”
  • takes place in the home and community
  • focuses on long-term management of aphasia
  • life concerns of the individual/family are at the center of the POC
  • reengage in life through daily participation in activities of their choice
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12
Q

computer-based treatment

A
  • utilize computer technology to target various language skills
  • some programs generate data to be used for documentation
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13
Q

constraint-induced language therapy (CILT)

A
  • “intensive treatment approach focused on increasing spoken language output while discouraging (constraining) the use of compensatory communication strategies (gesturing and writing)”
  • forced use of verbal language
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14
Q

principles and techniques of CILT

A

“were derived from constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT), in which at the same time training movements of the affective limb using intensive treatment”

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15
Q

melodic intonation therapy (MIT)

A
  • “MIT uses the musical elements of speech (melody, rhythm, and stress) to improve expressive language”
  • uses intact functioning (singing) simple words/phrases and increase phrase length
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16
Q

steps for MIT

A
  • start by intoning (singing) simple words/phrases and increase phrase length
  • reliance on intonation is gradually decreased over time
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17
Q

multimodal treatment

A
  • augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)
  • promoting aphasics’ communication effectiveness (PACE)
  • visual action therapy (VAT)
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18
Q

augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)

A

“a treatment that involves supplementing or replacing natural communication modalities (natural spoken language) with aided or unaided symbols

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19
Q

AAC: aided symbols

A

picture communication symbols, line drawings, tangible objects

20
Q

AAC: unaided symbols

A

manual sign, gestures, finger spelling

21
Q

promoting aphasics’ communication effectiveness (PACE)

A
  • “a treatment designed to improve conversational skills”
  • the individual with aphasia and the clinician take turns as the message sender or receiver
  • picture prompts are concealed from listener
  • speaker uses their choice of modalities to convey message
22
Q

visual action therapy (VAT)

A
  • “VAT is a nonverbal treatment approach that trains individuals to use hand gestures to indicate visually absent items”
  • most often used with individuals who have global aphasia
23
Q

VAT: 12 step training hierarchy

A

tracing, matching, producing pantomimed gestures for visible objects, pantomimed for absent objects

24
Q

partner approaches

A
  • conversational coaching
  • supported communication intervention (SCI)
25
Q

conversational coaching

A

“a treatment designed to teach verbal and nonverbal communication strategies to individuals with aphasia and their primary communication partners”

26
Q

conversational coaching: strategies

A
  • drawing, gesturing, cueing, confirmation information
  • strategies are chosen by the individual and his/her partner
  • SLP is the “coach”
27
Q

supported communication intervention (SCI)

A

an approach to aphasia rehabilitation that emphasizes the need for multimodal communication, partner training, and opportunities for social interaction

28
Q

principles of SCI

A
  • functional communication can be facilitated/improved by teaching strategies to communication partners
  • communication is a dynamic process
  • communication includes social interaction and the exchange (opportunities for social interaction are emphasized)
29
Q

reading treatments

A
  • multiple oral reading (MOR)
  • oral reading for language in aphasia (ORLA)
  • supported reading comprehension
30
Q

multiple oral reading (MOR)

A
  • “a treatment technique for individuals with acquired disorders of reading (dyslexia or alexia)”
  • the technique involves re-reading text aloud either a specific number of times or until a specific reading rate is reached
  • effort to improve whole-word reading in the context of a text passage
31
Q

MOR is best suited for individuals with…

A

preserved letter-by-letter reading abilities and relatively good oral reading and comprehension at the single-word level

32
Q

oral reading for language in aphasia (ORLA)

A
  • “treatment for individuals with aphasia that involves repeated practice reading sentences aloud with the clinician in an effort to improve reading comprehension via phonological and semantic reading routes”
  • the use of connected discourse (sentences) rather than single words allows the individual to practice natural rhythm and intonation
33
Q

supported reading comprehension

A
  • “approaches that focus on improving the reading comprehension of individuals with aphasia by incorporating aphasia-friendly supports”
  • drawings, personally relevant photographs, and reader-friendly formatting such as linguistic supports (headings and bolded text)
34
Q

reciprocal scaffolding treatment (RST)

A
  • “RST is a group treatment approach that addresses communication skills using natural language in meaningful social contexts”
  • an individual with aphasia, who has a particular skill, is given an opportunity to use premorbid knowledge and vocabulary in reciprocal teaching interactions with a group of novices
35
Q

script training

A
  • “script training is a functional approach to aphasia treatment that uses script knowledge (understanding, remembering, and recalling event sequences of an activity) to facilitate participation in personally relevant activities”
  • clinician and person with aphasia develop a scripted monologue or dialogue of an activity of interest
  • practice it intensely until production of the scripted speech becomes automatic and effortless
36
Q

syntax treatments

A
  • sentence production program for aphasia (SPPA)
  • treatment of underlying forms (TUF)
37
Q

sentence production program for aphasia (SPPA)

A
  • “prescribed treatment program designed to aid in the production of specific sentence types”
  • idea is that production of certain types will improve if the person with aphasia hears and produces multiple sentences with the same syntactic form ut different lexical content
38
Q

SPPA: a story completion task is used to practice 8 different sentence structures, there are 2 task levels

A

level A- the clinician reads a story that includes the target sentence and then asks a question to elicit repetition of that sentence
level B- the clinician reads the story without the target sentence and asks a question to elicit that sentence

39
Q

treatment of underlying forms (TUF)

A
  • “linguistic approach to treating sentence-level deficits in persons with agrammatic aphasia”
  • improve sentence production by training more complex sentence structures first
40
Q

word finding treatments

A
  • gestural facilitation of naming (GES)
  • response elaboration training (RET)
  • semantic feature analysis treatment
  • verb network strengthening treatment (VneST)
  • word retrieval cueing strategies
41
Q

gestural facilitation of naming (GES)

A

“approach that uses intact gesture abilities to mediate activation of word retrieval by taking advantage of the interactive nature of language and action”

42
Q

response elaboration training (RET)

A
  • “treatment approach designed to help increase verbal elaboration abilities of persons with aphasia”
  • the ultimate goal of RET is to generalize elaboration abilities so that the person can more fully participate in conversation with a communication partner
43
Q

RET: steps in sequence

A
  1. show a stimulus to the patient, patient responds saying what it is
  2. if needed the clinician shapes/models that person’s response
  3. the clinician gives a “wh” question to elaborate on the response
  4. reinforce on the elaborated response (repeat if correct or help shape/model)
  5. patient repeated the clinician’s combined model
  6. elicit a delayed imitation
44
Q

semantic feature analysis treatment

A
  • “word retrieval treatment in which the person with aphasia identifies important semantic features of a target word that is difficult to retrieve”
  • circumlocution
  • SFA is thought to improve word retrieval by activating the semantic network associated with the target word, thereby raising the word’s threshold for being retrieved
45
Q

verb network strengthening treatment (VneST)

A
  • “aphasia treatment to promote lexical retrieval in sentence context”
  • VneST targets verbs and their roles to activate semantic networks and to improve the production of basic syntactic structures (subject-verb-object)
46
Q

word retrieval cueing strategies

A

“an approach that provides additional information, such as the beginning sound of a word (phonological cueing) or contextual cues (semantic cueing), to prompt word”

Aphasia & Other Adult Language Disorders (12 decks)

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