Trimester 1 Unit 4

Question 1

Why atoms are neutral

Answer 1

There is no change in the number of protons and electrons

Question 2

What are valence electrons

Answer 2

electrons in the outermost shell, involved in bonding

Question 3

How do atoms become stable

Answer 3

they can gain electrons to fill the shell or lose electrons to expose an already full shell

Question 4

What are Lewis dot structures

Answer 4

Squares with the atomic symbols in the center and valence electrons around the atomic symbol

Question 5

What are Ions

Answer 5

Atoms that have a charge because they gained or lost electrons to become stable with a full valence shell

Question 6

How are Cations formed

Answer 6

By losing an electron

Question 7

How are Anions formed

Answer 7

By gaining an electron

Question 8

What are Cations

Answer 8

An Ion with a positive charge because it lost one or more electron(s)

Question 9

What are Anions

Answer 9

An Ion with a negative charge because it gained one or more electron(s)

Question 10

What is the rule for deciding if it is a cation or anion

Answer 10

if there are 3 or less it will be a cation and if there are 5 or more it will be an anion

Question 11

What are the properties of Metals

Answer 11

luster, conductive, malleable, ductile, solid

Question 12

What are the proporties of Metalloids

Answer 12

luster, notmalleable, semi-conductive, not durable, not ductile

Question 13

What are the properties of Nonmetals

Answer 13

brittle, solid, gasseous, not malleable, not ductile, not conductive

Question 14

Why is the periodic table important

Answer 14

it organises lots of information about all the known elements

Question 15

Why is the periodic table important

Answer 15

it organises lots of information about all the known elements

Question 16

How did Dimitri Mendeleev’s table work

Answer 16

it put the elements into rows increasing by atomic wieght and put elements into columns by the way they reacted

Question 17

What were some of the problems with Dimitri’s periodic table

Answer 17

He left blank spaces for undiscovered elements and broke the pattern of increasing by atomic wieght to keep similer reacting elements together

Question 18

What changed to create the current periodic table

Answer 18

The elements are now in rows increasing by Atomic Number

Question 19

What is the useful part of groups

Answer 19

Elements in the same groups have similar chemical and phsical properties

Question 20

Why do elements in the same groups have similar physical and chemical properties

Answer 20

They have the same number of valence electrons and will form the same kinds of Ions

Question 21

What are families on the periodic table

Answer 21

One or more columns

Question 22

What is the hydrogen family

Answer 22

It is just hydrogen as it is a diatomic and reactive gass that was involved in the explosion of the Hindenberg and is also is promising as an alternitive fuel source for automobiles

Question 23

What is the Alkali Metals family

Answer 23

The first column on the periodic table, very reactive metals that are always combined with something else in nature, soft enough to cut with a butter knife

Question 24

What is the Alkaline Earth Metals family

Answer 24

The second column on the periodic table that is very reactive and always combined with nonmetals in nature

Question 25

What is the Transition Metals family

Answer 25

The third through twelth column on the periodic table that are less reactive and harder metals, metals used in jewelry and construction, also used as “metals”

Question 26

What is the Boron family

Answer 26

The thirteenth column on the periodic table

Question 27

What is the Carbon family

Answer 27

The fourteenth column on the periodic table which contains important elements for life and computers, carbon is the basis for an entire branch of chemestry, silicon and geranium are important semi-conductors

Question 28

What is the Nitrogen family

Answer 28

The fifteenth column on the periodic table taht mkes up 3/4s of the atmosphere, Nitrogen and Phosporus are important in living things

Question 29

What is the Oxygen family or Chalcogens

Answer 29

Column sixteen of the periodic table, Oxygen is required for resperation and many things that stink contain Sulfur

Question 30

What is the Hologens family

Answer 30

Column seventeen of the periodic table that is very reactive, volitile, diatomic, nonmetals, always found combined with other element in nature and used to disinfect and to strengthen teeth

Question 31

What are the Noble Gases

Answer 31

Column eighteen of the periodic table that is very unreactive and used in lighted “neon” signs and to fix the hindenberg blimp problem

Question 32

When does Ionization Energy get larger

Answer 32

As it goes up and to the right

Question 33

When does Electronegativity get larger

Answer 33

As it goes up and to the right

Question 34

When does Atomic Radius get larger

Answer 34

As it goes down and to the left

Question 35

What is Effective Nuclear Charge

Answer 35

It is the force that holds atoms together because (-)electrons are atractted to (+)protons in the nucleus

Question 36

What two factors effect strength

Answer 36

The more protons=higher strength, more distance between the nucleus and electrons=lower strength

Question 37

What is the Atomic Radius

Answer 37

how large an atom is and is found from the middle to outermost shell

Question 38

What are the Atomic Radius trends

Answer 38

As you go down the groups the size increases and as you go across the periods the size decreases

Question 39

What is Ionization

Answer 39

how much energy is required to remove one electron form and atom, as electrons are further from the nucleus there is more screening of core electrons ao less effective nuclear charge

Question 40

What is a period

Answer 40

the horozontal rows of the periodic table