Tudors- Henry 8th

Question 1

when was Henry’s coronation?

Answer 1

24th June 1509

Question 2

when did Henry marry Catherine?

Answer 2

11th June 1509

Question 3

why did the nobility dislike Wolsey?

Answer 3

he was not a member of the nobility and yet had the most influence with the king
BUT he was no more hostile to them than Henry was

Question 4

how did Wolsey improve the legal system?

Answer 4

created the Star Courts which could give an early hearing and the Chancery which was a court dedicated to cases of the lower class

Question 5

did Wolsey exploit the legal system?

Answer 5

there were cases of Wolsey exploiting the legal system, e.g. Sir Amyas Poulet who put Wolsey in the stocks so Wolsey said he would remove his land if he left London without permission

Question 6

what was the Subsidy tax?

Answer 6

required tax payers to give details of their property and income so that their tax could be determined

Question 7

when and what was the Amicable Grant?

Answer 7

1525- a special collection of tax for war with France that sparked riots of around 10,000 and Wolsey was blamed

Question 8

how did Wolsey change the layout of the Privy Chamber?

Answer 8

the Eltham Ordinances brought greater efficiency but was also designed to limit who had access to the king

Question 9

how did Wolsey improve enclosure policies?

Answer 9

he led an inquiry into enclosed land and arable land which led to legal proceedings in the Chancery against landowners that had ignored laws

Question 10

why did Wolsey hurt the church?

Answer 10

he took a vow of celibacy even though he fathered two children and he never visited York despite being archbishop

Question 11

what were Wolsey’s church reforms?

Answer 11

he set up a New College at Oxford and dissolved some monasteries to fund the Cardinal’s College

Question 12

what were some of Henry’s foreign policy aims?

Answer 12

assert himself and England as a major power, achieve honour and glory, continue securing succession, maintain trade and subdue Scotland

Question 13

was Henry’s invasion of France in 1512 a success?

Answer 13

yes- gained Therouanne and Tournai
no- Spain attacks different to what they had planned with England, used England as a distraction

Question 14

when was the Battle of the Spurs?

Answer 14

Aug 1513

Question 15

when was the Battle of Flodden?

Answer 15

Sep 1513, victory by Catherine

Question 16

when and what was the Treat of London?

Answer 16

Oct 1518- the Pope came to London and Wolsey got over 20 countries to sign a universal peace treaty

Question 17

when and what was the Treaty of Bruges?

Answer 17

1521- Henry allied with France to invade France unless they made peace first

Question 18

when and what was the Battle of Pavia?

Answer 18

1525- Charles captured Frances as prisoner, led to the Amicable Grant

Question 19

when and what was the Field of Cloth and Gold?

Answer 19

1520- a diplomatic event between France and England which cost a year’s worth of revenue

Question 20

what were the three reasons for Henry’s divorce?

Answer 20

1- he believed his marriage was against God’s will
2- he wanted a male heir
3- he had fallen in love with Anne

Question 21

when did Anne become pregnant?

Answer 21

1532

Question 22

what was Anne’s role in the break from Rome?

Answer 22

she had given him illegal reformist literature

Question 23

why did Wolsey fall from power?

Answer 23

he failed to get Henry divorced, the widespread opposition of the Amicable Grant, he had prioritised diplomatic glory over military glory and factional influence in the court- particularly the Boleyn faction

Question 24

when and what was the Act in Conditional Restraint of Annates?

Answer 24

1532- banned payment of most clerical taxes to Rome, which was made official to all clerical taxes in 1534

Question 25

when was the Act of Supremacy?

Answer 25

1534

Question 26

when was the dissolution of the smaller monasteries and when was the larger ones dissolved?

Answer 26

smaller- 1536 larger- 1539

Question 27

when and what was the Act of Ten Articles?

Answer 27

1536- rejected 4 out of 7 Catholic sacraments

Question 28

what is evidence of Henry upholding Catholicism?

Answer 28

he executed Lambert for denying transubstantiation and upheld it in the Act of 6 Articles in 1539

Question 29

what was the Act for the Advancement of the True Religion?

Answer 29

allowed and English Bible but also defended transubstantiation

Question 30

how much did Henry make from dissolving the monasteries?

Answer 30

£800,000 at first, but then rose to around £1.3 mill

Question 31

how did Henry use religion to defend the dissolution?

Answer 31

the behaviour of monks within monasteries was bad and the monasteries themselves were in poor conditions

Question 32

when and what was the Pilgrimage of Grace?

Answer 32

1536- serious opposition in Lincoln, Yorkshire and Cumberland over the dissolutions

Question 33

why was the PoG significant opposition?

Answer 33

numbers reached 30,000+ in Yorkshire, widespread support across the north, rebels took control over York and Pontefract castle, support from all classes

Question 34

why did the PoG happen?

Answer 34

upset over the dissolution, and other religious demands, but also demands around economic conditions/ enclosure

Question 35

why did Cromwell fall from power?

Answer 35

factional politics (Henry was manipulated), charged with heresy (too much Protestantism) and the failure of the marriage to Anne of Cleves

Question 36

was Henry manipulated in the 1540s?

Answer 36

yes- Henry had failed to see Catherine's adultery until people pointed it out and Henry was enticed by the Howard/Catholic faction no- Henry stood by Cranmer during personal attacks and warned him, he defended Parr when people came to arrest her and dealt with Norfolk quickly over claims that his son had a claim to the throne