Type 1 Diabetes & Pharmacology Flashcards 🍬💉🩸

Question 1

Q: What causes Type 1 Diabetes? ❓


Answer 1

A: Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells → no insulin production. 🧬🛑💉

Question 2

Q: What are the main symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes? ❓


Answer 2

A: Polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), weight loss, fatigue. 🚽💧⚖️😴

Question 3

Q: What is the main treatment for Type 1 Diabetes? ❓

Answer 3


A: Insulin replacement therapy 💉💊

Question 4

Q: What are the types of insulin used? ❓


Answer 4

A:
* Rapid-acting (e.g., Lispro) ⚡
* Short-acting (Regular insulin) ⏱️
* Intermediate-acting (NPH) ⏳
* Long-acting (e.g., Glargine) 🕰️

Question 5

Q: How does insulin work? ❓


Answer 5

A: Helps cells absorb glucose from the blood for energy or storage. 🔑➡️🩸➡️🧫

Question 6

Q: What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? ❓

Answer 6


A: A dangerous complication due to insulin deficiency causing high ketones and acidosis. ⚠️🧪🔥

Question 7

Q: Signs of DKA? ❓

Answer 7

A: Fruity breath, rapid breathing, confusion, abdominal pain, dehydration. 🍎😮‍💨🧠🤕💧

Question 8

Q: What pharmacological treatments are used for DKA? ❓


Answer 8

A: IV fluids, insulin infusion, electrolyte replacement (especially potassium). 💧💉🔋

Question 9

Q: What is hypoglycemia? ❓

Answer 9


A: Low blood sugar (<4 mmol/L), can cause shakiness, sweating, confusion. ⚠️🩸😵‍💫

Question 10

Q: How is hypoglycemia treated? ❓


Answer 10

A: Quick sugar intake (glucose tablets, juice), then longer-acting carbs. 🍬🧃🍞

Question 11

Q: What are common side effects of insulin therapy? ❓

Answer 11


A: Hypoglycemia, weight gain, injection site reactions. ⚠️⚖️💉