types of long term memory

Question 1

who proposed the idea that LTM was too simplistic and introduced the three types of LTM?

Answer 1

Tulving

Question 2

what are the three types of LTM?

Answer 2

semantic
episodic
procedural

Question 3

describe semantic memory.

Answer 3

• knowledge of the world (universal facts we all know)
• no recollection of when we learnt them.
• conscious effort needed to recall them.
• ‘declarative’ able to be expressed verbally.

Question 4

describe episodic memory.

Answer 4

• memory of personal events/experiences.
• they are ‘time-stamped’.
• linked to emotions and behaviours.
• often then turn into semantic memories.
• conscious effort needed to recall them.
• ‘declarative’ able to be expressed verbally.

Question 5

describe procedural memory.

Answer 5

• knowledge of how to do something/motor skills.
• no conscious effort needed to recall them.
• non declarative, not able to be expressed verbally.

Question 6

what is the ‘fourth’ type of LTM?

Answer 6

priming - implicit memories influence the response a person makes to a stimulus - controlled by a brain region separate to episodic and semantic memories.

Question 7

evaluation

Answer 7

• evidence from brain scans supports the idea of the distinction made between the three kinds of memory (research supported) - shows that different areas of the brain are active when different kids of LTM are active.
• difficult to distinguish between episodic and semantic memories.
• difficult to distinguish between procedural and declarative memories.