TYPES OF PRECIPITATION REACTIONS

Question 1

What are the types of photometric techniques?

Answer 1

TURBIDIMETRY
NEPHELOMETRY

Question 2

Aggregates are formed upon the mixture of antigens and antibodies, forming turbid or cloudy solutions

Answer 2

TURBIDIMETRY

Question 3

Turbidimetry Measures the decrease of light intensity resulting from?

Answer 3

absorption, reflection or scatter.

Question 4

measure the degree or rate of the turbidity within the solution

Answer 4

turbidimeter

Question 5

Measures the light that is scattered from the incident light at varying angles (10°-90°)

Answer 5

NEPHELOMETRY

Question 6

the rate of increased scattered light is measured immediately after the addition of the reagent antibody

Answer 6

Rate Nephelometry

Question 7

What are the types of Passive immunodiffusion?

Answer 7

RADIAL IMMUNODIFFUSION (RID)
OUCHTERLONY DOUBLE DIFFUSION

Question 8

Letting the Ag, Ab or both will diffuse within the medium where you will be going to test them

Answer 8

PASSIVE IMMUNODIFFUSION

Question 9

Rate of diffusion is affected by?

Answer 9

Size of particles
Temperature
Gel viscosity
Amount of hydration

Question 10

Ag-Ab complexes are allowed to precipitate and diffuse along the agar without any external influence (e.g. electricity)

Answer 10

Passive

Question 11

Antigens are placed in wells carved out of an agarose gel medium

Answer 11

RADIAL IMMUNODIFFUSION (RID)

Question 11

What is the medium that is used in RID?

Answer 11

Agarose gel medium

Question 12

Holes in the medium where antigen will be administered

Answer 12

Wells

Question 13

What indicates if there is a Ag-Ab complex precipitates are seen on the medium of RID?

Answer 13

“ring” or a circular area

Question 14

What are the types of RID?

Answer 14

RID - MANCINI/ENDPOINT
RID - FAHEY/KINETIC

Question 15

Antigen is allowed to diffuse at completion; no further diffusion or diameter increase is seen

Answer 15

RID - MANCINI/ENDPOINT

Question 16

RID - MANCINI/ENDPOINT Square of the diameter of the circle is equal to the _____________?

Answer 16

concentration of the antigen

Question 17

The thicker the circle = _______________

Answer 17

the higher the concentration of the antigen

Question 18

Measures the diameter of the precipitate at a specified time intervals

Answer 18

RID - FAHEY/KINETIC

Question 19

Considered to be more accurate than mancini method

Answer 19

RID - FAHEY/KINETIC

Question 20

RID-FAHEY KINETIC Diameter of circle is equal to the ___________________?

Answer 20

log of the concentration

Question 21

Both antigen and antibody will diffuse within the medium wherein it Detects for unknown antigens in samples through diffusion

Answer 21

OUCHTERLONY DOUBLE DIFFUSION

Question 22

What is created upon the diffuse and interaction of both antigens and antibodies?

Answer 22

Lines of identity or precipitin lines

Question 23

What is used to contain multivalent antibodies in ouchterlony double diffusion?

Answer 23

central well

Question 24

It means that the antigen present in the sample is the same as the standard. Precipitin line (Arched)

Answer 24

Serological Identity

Question 25

o Antigens that represent in the unknown does not resemble the antigen present in the standard o Precipitin line (X cross)

Answer 25

Serological Nonidentity

Question 26

o Outlying line → SPUR o The well that contain the unknown antigen is somewhat the same to the standard antigen

Answer 26

Partial Identity

Question 27

Separation components through different electric charges

Answer 27

ELECTROPHORESIS

Question 28

Determine if proteins are positively or negatively charge

Answer 28

Amphotericity

Question 29

Application of electrical currents to diffusion precipitation reactions to increase sensitivity

Answer 29

IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS

Question 30

What are the 2 phases of immuno electrophoresis?

Answer 30

separation immunodiffusion

Question 31

Over production or underproduction of antibodies

Answer 31

Plasma cell Dyscrasia

Question 32

Who discovered the immunofixation electrophoresis?

Answer 32

Alper & Johnson

Question 33

antiserum is placed directly ON the surface on the medium, rather than in troughs

Answer 33

IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS (IFE)

Question 34

What is the maon purpose of the IFE?

Answer 34

Supplement the finding in IEP