U World 1

Question 1

nonallergic rhinitis

Answer 1

looks like allergies but no known etiology

intranasal therapy = rx

Question 2

What causes volume depletion in adrenal insuf?

Answer 2

no aldosterone –> hyperkalemia

↓ volume –> ↑ ADh –> hyponatremia

Question 3

ABO transfusion rxn

Answer 3

rapid fever, flank pain, hemolysis, AKI, and DIC

Question 4

Cytokine blood transfusion rxn

Answer 4

transient febrile non-hemolytic rxn

1-6 hours after transfusion

Question 5

Anaphylaxis minutes after blood transfusion

Answer 5

IgA deficiency

Question 6

colonoscopy in UC

Answer 6

screening 8 years after ddx

then every 1-2 years

Question 7

Cryoprecipitate

Answer 7

clotting factors
fibrinogen
vWf

*used in DIC

Question 8

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura rx

Answer 8

plasma exchange

Question 9

thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura clasic penad

Answer 9

• Thrombocytopenia
• Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
• AKI
• Neuro changes
• Fever

Question 10

murmur in aortic disection

Answer 10

aortic regurg

Question 11

absolute contriindication to ECT

Answer 11

none! even pace markers, old people, pregos, they all can have ect

Question 12

primary hyperaldosteronism test

Answer 12

aldosterone: renin ratio

If the ratio is >20 and the aldosterone level is >15 ng/dL, then primary hyperaldosteronism is likely and referral for confirmatory testing should be considered.

Question 13

pediatric community acquired pneumonia rx

Answer 13

high-dose amoxicillin

Question 14

when should babies eat solid food?

Answer 14

4-6 mo

Question 15

testosterone tests

Answer 15

test total testosterone

free testosterone test =$$$

Question 16

thyroid testing sensitivity

Answer 16

TSH is more sensitive (vs free T4)

Question 17

gingivostomatitis

Answer 17

combination of gingivitis and stomatitis

often seen in first HSV flair

acyclovir suspension–> earlier resolution of fever, oral lesions, and difficulties with eating and drinking.

Question 18

MGUS vs multiple myeloma

Answer 18

multiple myeloma has end organ damage in the form of: hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, skeletal lesions

Question 19

OCPs decrease the risk of ________cancer

Answer 19

ovarian and endometrial

Question 20

Rx for polymyalgia rheumatica

Answer 20

s/s: pain and stiffness in shoulder and pelvis

rx: steroids

Question 21

refeeding syndrome

Answer 21

fatal shifts in fluids/ electrolytes

hallmark: hypophosphatemia

Question 22

after 3 months of hoarseness, you need?

Answer 22

laryngoscopy

Question 23

The Valsalva maneuver will typically cause the intensity of a systolic murmur to increase in patients with which heart condition?

Answer 23

HCM

Question 24

high risk colonoscopygroup

Answer 24

Patients who have one first degree relative diagnosed with colorectal cancer or adenomatous polyps before age 60, or at least two second degree relatives with colorectal cancer, are in the highest risk group.

Question 25

high risk colonoscopy screening interval

Answer 25

start at 40, or 10 years before the earliest age at which an affected relative was diagnosed (whichever comes first) and rescreened every 5 years.

Question 26

drugs known to cause pleural disease include

Answer 26

``` amiodarone bleomycin bromocriptine cyclophosphamide methotrexate minoxidil mitomycin ```

Question 27

Hydralazine MOA

Answer 27

directly vasodilates peripheral vessels

Question 28

These agents should be avoided in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome during tachycardia

Answer 28

Adenosine digoxin calcium channel antagonists (paradoxically ↑↑ HR in WPW) Procainamide= Rx in these situations or amiodarone

Question 29

cephalosporins in pregos?

Answer 29

Cephalosporins such as ceftriaxone are usually considered safe to use during pregnancy.

Question 30

infliximab is?

Answer 30

TNF inhibitor associated with an ↑ risk of infections, including tuberculosis Patients should be screened for tuberculosis and hepatitis B and C before starting these drugs.

Question 31

Rx for tachycardia in WPW

Answer 31

Procainamide= Rx in these situations or amiodarone