U World 3

Question 1

Takayasu Arteritis

Answer 1

large vessel vasculitis

s/s fever, arthralgia, weight loss

Vitals: BP discrepancies/ arterio-occlusive symptoms

rx: steroids

Question 2

Hemodynamics of hypovolemic shock

Answer 2

↑ SVR

↓ CVP, Pulm wedge, CO

Question 3

Thromboangiitis obliterans

Answer 3

burger disease

heavy smokers, superficial thrombophlebitis/ ischemia–> gangrenous digits

Question 4

Cardiogenic shock hemodynamics

Answer 4

↑ PCWP and SVR
↓ CO, BP

*LV dysfunction –> ↑ PCWP and ↓ CO

Question 5

Elevated levels of _________ ar seen in androgen producing tumors

Answer 5

dehydroepiandrosterone

Question 6

Most common valve involved with infective endocarditis in non drug user

Answer 6

Mitral regurg

Question 7

Most common valve involved in drug user infective endocarditis

Answer 7

tricuspid

Question 8

Reasons for renal salt wasting

Answer 8

diuretics
hyperaldosteronism
RTA

Question 9

Most common form of paroxysmal SVT

Answer 9

AV nodal reentrant tachycardia

vagal maneuvers help by slowing AV node conduction and increasing refractory period

Question 10

A fixed upper airway obstruction flow volume loop

Answer 10

Decreased airflow on inspiration and expiration, flat pancake shape

Question 11

Only this form of COPD has complete reversal with bronchodilators

Answer 11

Asthma

Question 12

Asthma flow volume loop

Answer 12

scooped out, shifted left

Question 13

Why do nitrates help in MIs

Answer 13

decreased myocardial oxygen demand

↓ LV volume/ wall stress

Question 14

Restrictive lung disease flow volume loop

Answer 14

Shifts right

tiny size

Question 15

Vitiligo is caused by?

Answer 15

destruction of melanocytes

Question 16

Exudative effusion from empyema characterized by

Answer 16

Low glucose
low pH (<7.2)
High Protein

Question 17

Transudative effusions

Answer 17

Low protein (under three) 
Glucose and pH normal

Question 18

Empyema vs uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion

Answer 18

empyema will not get better with abx

Question 19

Characteristic CT finding in PE

Answer 19

wedge shaped infarct

infarct can lead to hemoptysis

Question 20

When do HIV pts get PCP

Answer 20

CD4 under 200

Question 21

Methemoglobin blood gas

Answer 21

false elevated oxygen sats
(but pulse ox will be low)

*large oxygen saturation gap

Question 22

Bartonella skin lesions

Answer 22

BAcillary angiomatosis

friable papules / sub q plaques

Question 23

Virus that causes Kaposi sarcoma

Answer 23

HSV 8

Question 24

What size of kidney stone is likely to pass spontaneously

Answer 24

5 mm

give them 2L hydration daily

Question 25

What happens if someone is B12 deficient and you replace folic acid

Answer 25

megaloblastosis corrects, but neuro symptoms rapidly progress

Question 26

Will antipsychotics disrupt the TSH HPA

Answer 26

nope, just prolactin ↑

Question 27

Hawthorn effect

Answer 27

sample changes their behavior when they know they are being studied form of bias

Question 28

Beta blockers treat stable angina by

Answer 28

↓ HR ↓ Contractility this leads to ↓ Myocardial oxygen demand

Question 29

dihydropyridines treat angina by?

Answer 29

- coronary artery vasodilation | - arterial vasodilation--> reduced cardiac afterload

Question 30

What body store goes first, folate or b12

Answer 30

folate stores are smaller and run out first

Question 31

Orthostatic definition

Answer 31

systolic drop > 20 or diastolic drop > 10

Question 32

Lung cancers that occur in the periphery

Answer 32

Adenocarcinoma | Large cell

Question 33

Paraneoplastic syndromes of small cell lung cancer

Answer 33

cushing SIADH Lambert Eaton

Question 34

Lung cancer with hypercalcemia

Answer 34

squamous

Question 35

Tropical Sprue

Answer 35

chronic diarrhea of people living in tropical areas

Question 36

Whipples disease symptoms

Answer 36

``` arthralgias weight loss fever diarrhea ab pain ```

Question 37

Whipples disease classic biopsy

Answer 37

PAS positive stain of lamina propria

Question 38

Zollinger ellison syndrome

Answer 38

pancreatic gastrin secreting tumor dyspepsia, diarrhea, wt loss

Question 39

Metabolic syndrome criteria

Answer 39

3/5 of: ``` waist > 40 inch in men, > 35 in women fasting sugar > 100 BP> 130/80 TriGlys > 150 HDL < 40 men, < 50 women ```

Question 40

Subacute thyroiditis is aka

Answer 40

de Quervain fever, neck pain, tender goiter, following a URI

Question 41

Rx of subacute thyroiditis

Answer 41

symptomatic | beta blocker, NSAIDs

Question 42

1st step of management for pleural effusion

Answer 42

thoracentesis for exudative vs transudative

Question 43

Chronic venous insufficiency rx

Answer 43

elevation, exercise, compression sodium restriction and HTN control DO NOT help

Question 44

non renal risks of nephrotic syndrome

Answer 44

hyperlipidemia hypercoag protein loss (including clotting factors) in UA--> liver overproduction of lipids

Question 45

Malignancy in hashimotos

Answer 45

primary lymphoma of the thyroid

Question 46

Suppurative thyroiditis

Answer 46

infectious thyroid fever, erythema, and pain at the thyroid abscess

Question 47

Progressive fibrosis of the thyroid

Answer 47

riedel thyroiditis