U2 | Sociological Perspective

Question 1

It is interested in the patterns of behaviors and attitudes that emerge throughout the life course, from infacy to old age

Answer 1

Sociology

Question 2

Part of a lifelong process of socialization

Answer 2

Patterns

Question 3

It is when people learn what is appropriate for members of a particular culture

Answer 3

Socialization

Question 4

2 Viewpoints

Answer 4

1. Microsociological
2. Macrosociological

Question 5

Socialization helps us to discover how to behave properly an what to expect from others if we follow (or challenge) society’s norms and values

Answer 5

Microsociological

Question 6

Face-to-face social interaction looking at the individual socialization and how it affects the big picture

Answer 6

Microsciology

Question 7

Big phenoma/ population starting from a big picture, and looking at how it affects an individual

Answer 7

Macrosociology

Question 8

Differentiate microsociology and macrosociology

Answer 8

Microsociology is a small scale perspective that looks at how individual socializations affects the big picture. Macrosociology is a big scale perspective that looks at a big picture and how it affects an individual

Question 9

What are the 3 studies conducted on the role of socialization?

Answer 9

1,Impact of Isolation (wild children)
2. Primate studies (Harry Harlow and rhesus monkeys study)
3. Influence of Heredity (tein studies)

Question 10

When was Harry Harlow’s study on primates conducted?

Answer 10

1971

Question 11

3 Sociological Perspectives/ Paradigm

Answer 11

1. Structural functionalism
2. Conflict theory
3. Symbolic interactionism

Question 12

How each part of the society functions together to contribute to the whole

Answer 12

Structural functionalism

Question 13

How inequalities contribute to social differences and perpetuate differences in power

Answer 13

Conflict theory

Question 14

One-to-one interactions and communications

Answer 14

Symbolic interactionism

Question 15

French social scientist who developed a vigorous methodology that combines empirical research with sociological theory

Answer 15

Emile Durkheim

Question 16

What was Emile Durkheim regarded as?

Answer 16

Founder of the French School of Sociology

Question 17

What was Durkheim’s concept of sociological perspectives of the self?

Answer 17

Social Integration and Moral Individualism

Question 18

Durkheim’s quoted principle

Answer 18

“To love society is to love something beyond us and something in ourselves.”

Question 19

Durkheim’s work on how people get to live together peaceably and in organized manner.

Answer 19

Division of Labor

Question 20

Durkeim’s work on how culture, roles and norms bind people together in synchronized behaviors, feelings and thoughts

Answer 20

Social Integration

Question 21

Durkheim’s work on how the rights and dignity of the individual are based on the principles of equality and justice

Answer 21

Moral Individualism

Question 22

Conditions and circumstances external to the individual that, nevertheless, determine the individual’s course of action

Answer 22

Social Facts

Question 23

Durkheim proposed that the task of sociology is to —

Answer 23

analyze social facts

Question 24

Durkheim argued that social facts can be ascertained by using — such as marriage and
divorces rates.

Answer 24

collective data

Question 25

The degree to which an individual is connected to the society; results from a collective consciousness or a shared way of understanding and behaving in the world in terms of norms, beliefs, and values.

Answer 25

Social Integration

Question 26

Described the social ties that bind a group of people together such as kinship, shared location, or religion

Answer 26

Social Solidarity

Question 27

The doctrine that rationality leaves room for the individualities of personalities of subjects to express themselves in the moral realm in an autonomous choice between idealism and fulfilment-maximization. It involves a morality of cooperation and a profound respect for humanity. It is not the glorification of the self, “but of the individual in general”

Answer 27

Moral Individualism

Question 28

Durkheim is optimistic that moral individualism will become the “---” and the source of a new morality

Answer 28

moral catechism

Question 29

Durkheim claims that the “---” has become one of the most distinctive characteristic of modernity, and that it is replacing all other religions.

Answer 29

cult of the individual

Question 30

2 Theories (and pioneers) that defined the self along the symbolic interactionism paradigm.

Answer 30

1. Charles Horton Cooley: The Looking Glass Self 2. George Herbert Mead: Stages of the Self

Question 31

View of the self comes not only from direct contemplation of our personal qualities but also from our impressions of how others perceive us.

Answer 31

The Looking Glass Self

Question 32

Self-concept is formed through our impressions on how other people see us.

Answer 32

The Looking Glass Self

Question 33

Cooley proposed that one’s self grows out of one’s --- with others.

Answer 33

social interactions

Question 34

What is the self according to Cooley?

Answer 34

The “Self” is how we believe others see us.

Question 35

3 Processes of the self according to Cooley

Answer 35

1. We imagine how we present ourselves to others 2. We imagine how others evaluate us 3. Finally develop some sort of feeling about ourselves as a result of these impressions

Question 36

This occurs when we are labeled, and others’ views and expectations of us are affected by that labeling

Answer 36

The Labeling Bias

Question 37

This occurs when we are repeatedly labeled and evaluated by others, and we adopt other’s labels explicitly into our self-concept

Answer 37

Self Labeling

Question 38

2 Outcomes that may occur from self labeling

Answer 38

1. Internalized Prejudice 2. Positive Reclaiming

Question 39

This is when individuals turn prejudice directed toward them by others onto themselves. They may tend to view themselves more negatively, thus, also affecting their self-esteem

Answer 39

Internalized Prejudice

Question 40

Those who are negatively labeled may claim these labels more positively to feel better about themselves. To illustrate: After labeling, minority group members evaluated the labels (e.g. “queer”, “torpe”, “lost”) less negatively, and reported feeling more powerful.

Answer 40

Positive Reclaiming

Question 41

The conception one holds about the self in one’s mind emerges from social interaction with others. The self is neither present at birth nor at the beginning of social interaction. It is constructed and reconstructed in the process of social experience

Answer 41

George Herbert Mead: Stages of the Self

Question 42

Two components of the Self according to Mead

Answer 42

1. "Me" (objective element; known) 2. "I" (subjective element; knower)

Question 43

Represents the expectations and attitudes of others (the “generalized other”) organized into the social self; the internalized generalized other becomes the instrument upon which society has control over the actions of its individual members

Answer 43

"Me"

Question 44

The response to the “me”or the person’s individuality, e.g., The “I” can decide to cross the street on a red light as he sees that there is no approaching car or a traffic police

Answer 44

"I"

Question 45

The stream of thought between the knower (“I”) and the known (“Me”) is the --- as influenced by the social context.

Answer 45

essence of the development of identity

Question 46

3 Stages by which the Self emerges (Mead)

Answer 46

1. Preparatory Stage (1-3yrs) 2. Play Stage (4-7yrs) 3. Game Stage (8-9yrs)

Question 47

- Children merely imitate - Understanding of symbols - Awareness of individual roles

Answer 47

Preparatory Stage (1-3yrs)

Question 48

This form the basis for children's capacity to communicate with people around them

Answer 48

Symbols (gestures, language, and objects)

Question 49

- Role playing - Role taking

Answer 49

Play Stage (4-7yrs)

Question 50

- Consideration of tasks and relationsihps - Social positions -Becomes less egocentric as understanding and acceptance of different perspectives of others develop

Answer 50

Game Stage (8-9yrs)

Question 51

What was Clemen Aquino's article title?

Answer 51

“Mula sa Kinaroroonan: Kapwa, Kapatiran and Bayan in Philippine Social Science”,

Question 52

Where was Clemen Aquino from?

Answer 52

Department of Social Sciences in the University of the Philippines

Question 53

Clemen Aquino's article articulates on what 3 relevant concepts on ugnayan (relations) in Philippine society?

Answer 53

1. "Kapwa" 2. "Mag-anak" 3. "Kapatiran"

Question 54

Santiago's early srudies show these as the broad basis of social interaction among Filipinos.

Answer 54

Kapwa and pakikipagkapwa

Question 55

This does not discriminate between the “ibang tao” and “di ibang tao.” In here, self-identity is part of one’s perception of others, so there is a unity or integral relation of the sarili (self) to ibang tao (others).

Answer 55

The kapwa

Question 56

The concept of --- is embedded in Filipino relationships. It does not only refer to the nuclear family (father, mother, children) but encompasses the extended family, hence, an older woman in the community is called “Aunty” even if not a kin by consanguinity.

Answer 56

mag-anak

Question 57

This is reflected in religious and other organizations. The strong bond of ingroup relations determines ugnayan and pakikipag-ugnayan within the group as compared to how they interact with those who are not part.

Answer 57

Kapatiran