U4 Lecture 29 Flashcards
what is a tract
a bundle of axons in the CNS
what is a nerve
a bundle of axons in the PNS
what does the thalamus do
- relay station for sensory and motor info
- interpretation of touch, temperature, pain, pressure
- forms walls of 3rd ventricle
- organized into 7 groups of nuclei
what does the hypothalamus contain
12 nuclei in 4 major regions
what are the functions of the hypothalamus
- regulates body temp, eating, and drinking
- main control center for visceral functions
- receives info from cerebrum and from brain stem and spinal cord
- regulates emotions-pleasure, pain, aggression
- regulates diurnal rhythms with help from pineal gland
what does the pineal gland secrete and what does it do
secretes melatonin and contributes to setting the biological clock
what does the habenular nuclei do and where is it located
emotional responses to odors located in the epithalamus
what is the function of the cerebellum
- receives input from proprioceptors in muscles and tendons about movement; sends signals to motor cortex to improve and COORDINATE MOVEMENTS
- receives input from visual and equilibrium receptors and sends input to motor cortex to aid in REGULATION OF POSTURE AND BALANCE
what does the pons bridge
the medulla oblongata, cerebellum, and higher brain centers in the cerebral cortex
what are pontine nuclei
gray matter centers connecting the cerebral cortex and cerebellum
what do the pontine nuclei do
they coordinate voluntary motor output
what 2 areas in the pons concerning respiratory control
- apneustic area
- pneumotaxic area
what does the apneustic area do
controls depth of breathing
what does the pneumotaxic area do
controls rate of breathing
what 2 things does the medulla oblongata connect
the brain and the spinal cord
what is the function of the medulla oblongata
- axons CROSS OVER from one side to the other of the brain stem
- contains the cardiovascular center-control of heart rate and force, blood pressure
- control of respiratory rhythmicity
- control of vegetative functions: swallowing, coughing sneezing, vomiting
what are substantia nigra and where are they located
darkly pigmented nuclei in the midbrain
what do neurons in the midbrain do
release dopamine to help control subconscious muscle activities
what does the red nucleus do
controls voluntary movements of the limbs
where is the limbic system located and what is it
a functional system composed of parts of the cerebral cortex, diencephalon, and midbrain
what does the emotional brain do
plays a primary role in promoting a range of emotions including pleasure, pain, docility, affection, fear, and anger
what is a function of the limbic system
functions in memory together with parts of the cerebrum
-connects motivation to action
what does the cingulate gyrus do and where is it located
located in the limbic system in frontal lobe and plays role in emotion
what does the hippocampus do and where is it located
involved in learning and memory in temporal lobe of the limbic system
