UE Arthrology

Question 1

What type of joint and what 2 bones articulate in the Sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 1

Sellar synovial joint

Clavicular notch of manubrium and the sternal fact of the clavicle articulate

Question 2

What ligaments are involved in the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 2

Articular capsule, articular disc, costoclavicular L., Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular L., Interclavicular L.

Question 3

What does the costoclavicular L. attach?

Answer 3

The inferior surface of the clavicle to the 1st rib

Question 4

What type of joint and what 2 bones articulate in the Acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 4

Planar synovial joint

Acromial facet on clavicle and the fact on acromion of scapula

Question 5

What ligaments are involved in the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 5

Acromioclavicular L. and the coracoclavicular L.

Question 6

What 2 ligaments make up the coracoclavicular L?

Answer 6

Trapezoid L. and Conoid L.

Question 7

Falling where weight shoots vertically up through the elbow to brachium will do what to the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 7

It can dislocate the joint but will not rupture the coracoclavicular L.

Question 8

Falling where weight falls directly on to the shoulder can do what to the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 8

It can dislocate AND rupture the coracoclavicular ligament

Question 9

What type of joint and what is involved in the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 9

BALL AND SOCKET (spheroidal synovial)

Cavity of scapular head that is deepened by the glenoid labrum

Question 10

What bursae are involved in the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 10

Subscapular and subacromial

Question 11

Most important thing in the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 11

Coracoacromial arch that prevents superior displacement of humerus – coracoacromial L.

Question 12

What type of joint and what is involved in the elbow joint?

Answer 12

Hinge type synovial

Humeral condyle, trochlear notch of ulna and head of radius

Question 13

What are the main ligaments in the elbow joint?

Answer 13

Ulnar collateral L. of the elbow and the radial collateral L. of the elbow

Question 14

What are the 3 bands of the Ulnar collateral L of the elbow?

Answer 14

Anterior, posterior and oblique

Question 15

What is needed to posteriorly dislocate the elbow?

Answer 15

A tear in the ulnar collateral L.

Question 16

What is a dart thrower’s elbow?

Answer 16

Subcutaneous olecranon bursitis due to excessive friction between skin and olecranon

Question 17

How many radioulnar joints are there?

Answer 17

3

Question 18

What is pulled elbow?

Answer 18

Radial head is dislocated out of annular L

Usually occurs from pulling on a child’s arm

Question 19

What articulates in the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 19

Disteal end of radius and the proximal row of carpals (scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum)

Question 20

What movements does the radiocarpal joint allow?

Answer 20

Flexion, extension, aBduction and aDduction

Question 21

What are some ligaments in the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 21

Palmar/dorsal radiocarpal, palmar/dorsal ulnocarpal, radial collateral L. of the wrist and the ulnar collateral L. of the wrist

Question 22

What articulates in the carpometacarpal joints?

Answer 22

Distal row of carpals and metacarpals (5)

Question 23

Describe the 1st carpometacarpal joint

Answer 23

Between trapezium and the 1st metacarpal; sellar synovial joint

Question 24

Describe the 2nd through 5th carpometacarpal joints

Answer 24

Between distal row of carpals and 2-5th metacarpals;

planar synovial joint

Question 25

Carpometacarpal ligaments?

Answer 25

Palmar and dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments, pisometacarpal L.

Question 26

Describe Intermetacarpal joint

Answer 26

Between metacarpals, planar synovial, palmar and dorsal intermetacarpal L.

Question 27

What articulates and what type of joints are the metacarpophalangeal joints?

Answer 27

Between metacarpals and proximal phalanges; | Condylar synovial joints

Question 28

What are the important ligaments in the metacarpophalangeal joints and how do you distinguish them?

Answer 28

Palmar, medial collateral and lateral collateral, deep transverse metacarpal L. The side closest to the thumb will house the lateral collateral ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 29

What is unique about the medial and lateral collateral ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joints?

Answer 29

Both contain a cord shaped part (runs proximal to distal) and a fan shaped part (travels anteriorly to insert on the palmar L.)

Question 30

Bull rider's thumb

Answer 30

Sprain of the lateral collateral L. of the 1st metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 31

Skier's or Game-keeper's thumb

Answer 31

Laxity or rupture of both the medial and lateral collateral ligaments of the 1st metacarphophalangeal joint

Question 32

What action does Skier's or Game-keeper's thumb result in?

Answer 32

Hyper ABduction of the thumb at that joint

Question 33

Where is the 1st interphalangeal joint?

Answer 33

Thumb

Question 34

Describe the proximal interphalangeal joints

Answer 34

Located on the 2nd - 5th digits; numbered starting at the 2nd digit, 1-4!!

Question 35

Describe the distal interphalangeal joints

Answer 35

Located on the 2nd - 5th digits; numbered starting at the 2nd digit, 2-5!

Question 36

What do all interphalangeal joints have?

Answer 36

Palmar ligament anteriorly, medial and lateral collateral ligaments

Question 37

Mallet "baseball" finger

Answer 37

Sudden hyperflexion of distal interphalangeal joint can avulse attachment of long extensor tendon with that tendon away from distal phalanx

Question 38

What are the movements of the scapula?

Answer 38

elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, rotation

Question 39

What are the movements of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 39

extension, flexion, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, medial and lateral rotation

Question 40

What are the movements of the elbow?

Answer 40

Flexion and extension

Question 41

What are the movements of the radioulnar joint?

Answer 41

pronation and supination

Question 42

What are the movements of the wrist?

Answer 42

flexion, extension, ulnar flexion (ADduction), radial flexion (ABduction)

Question 43

What are the movements of the phalanges?

Answer 43

Flexion, extension, ABduction away from 3rd finger midline and ADduction toward the 3rd finger midline

Question 44

Synovial "ganglion" cyst

Answer 44

Irritation of synovial sheaths causing accumulation of fluid

Question 45

Dupuytren contracture

Answer 45

Shortening, thickening, fibrosis of palamar aponeurosis resulting partial flexion of 4th and 5th digits