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CIS*1000 > Unit 01: The Impact of Technology in a Changing World > Flashcards

Unit 01: The Impact of Technology in a Changing World Flashcards

1
Q

Social Media

a) what is it?
b) name 3 platforms

A

a) websites/applications that enable users to use the internet to communicate with others
b) Twitter, Facebook, instagram

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2
Q

what is Twitter #MeToo

A

a Twitter hashtag to support women facing sexual harassment

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3
Q

Bot accounts?

A

an automated program that retweeted news, stories, and media.

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4
Q

Ushahidi crisis-mapping tool?

A

a program that identifies areas of violence against women in India

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5
Q

Crisis-mapping tool?

a) what is it?
b) where does it get info? (4)

A

a) it collects information and makes it publically available

b) emails, text messages, blog posts, and tweets

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6
Q

How has tech aided health care? (3)

A
  1. increases vaccine production rate
  2. helps develop antibodies for flu/HIV viruses
  3. shows the severity of concussions and helps produce better protective helmets for football players
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7
Q

How has tech aided the environment?

a) what is it?
b) how does it work?
c) how much has it improved?

A

a) smart internet-connected water sprinklers
b) they check weather forecasts and don’t turn on if it will rain
c) 30% water usage reduction

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8
Q

The digital divide?

a) what is it?
b) problem?

A

a) the gaps in internet access throughout the world

b) prevents everyone from providing information in order to solve global issues

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9
Q

what are 4 tech savvy organizations to solve global problems?

a) names
b) what problem they are trying to solve?
c) how they are using tech to solve it?

A

1.

a) Start Network
b) corruption
c) uses BLockchain to track humanitarian aid funds as they go from donor to recipient

  1. a) SolaRoad/Netherlands
    b) need for renewable energy resources
    c) embeds solar cells inroads to distribute electricity.
  2. a) WFP
    b) global hunger issues
    c) uses Gis and mobile devices to locate areas that need food the most
  3. a) Gates Foundation
    b) global diseases/weaponized biological warfare.
    c) uses digital networking and data analytics to detect outbreaks and deliver vaccines
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10
Q

a) WFP?

b) GIS?

A

a) united nations world food programme

b) geographical information systems

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11
Q

Web 2.0?

A

enables users to communicate with each other over the web

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12
Q

Cognitive Surplus

A

a combination of leisure time and tools to be creative

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13
Q

crowdfunding?

a) what is it? (2)
b) what programs use this? (2)

A

a) that act of asking others on the web to donate money for a starter business in exchange for service discounts. Or for a special cause (medical/education).
b) Kickstarter and GoFundMe

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14
Q

Influencers?

a) what are they?
b) how to do they aid marketing?

A

a) famous social media personalities (Youtubers)

b) they put the product on their account/use the product in order to encourage its sales

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15
Q

crowdsourcing?

A

when marketers ask the customers what they want regarding their services

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16
Q

Collaborative consumptions?

a) what is it?
b) give 2 examples

A

a) when people group together to use specific produces more efficiently
b)
1. Uber/Lyft/Zipcar which allows people to use/share cars for transportation
2. city bikes that can be rented

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17
Q

why might collaborative consumption be more beneficial than ownership? (2)

A
  1. more environmentally friendly

2. less financial pressure

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18
Q

computer literate?

A

to understand the capabilities and limitation of ur computer and how to use it safely and efficiently

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19
Q

intelligence v.s A.I?

a) intelligence?
b) A.I

A

a) ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills

b) a computer science focused on producing computer systems than can mimic human intelligence

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20
Q

A.I?

A

artificial intelligence

21
Q

6 main areas of research for A.I?

A
  1. NLP
  2. ability to combine sensory data in order to gain more information
  3. storing and accessing info about the world
  4. ability to set and achieve goals
  5. ability to solve problems even with incomplete info
  6. ability to learn and adapt through experiences
22
Q

NLP?

a) name?
b) what is it?

A

a) natural language processing

b) to understand human language both written and spoken

23
Q

a) supervised learning

b) unsupervised learning

A

a) producing rules based on examples given

b) analyzing data and producing rules by itself

24
Q

Computer vision?

A

ability to interpret visual info

25
Q

expert systems?

A

computer programs that mimic the experience of human experts in specific fields

26
Q

rule-based systems?

a) define
b) example

A

a) programs that ask questions and respond based on preprogrammed algorithms.
b) “do you have a fever?”
if “yes” then how long have you had a fever?” if “no” “have you exited the country in the last 14 days?”

27
Q

ANN?

a) name
b) define
c) benifit?

A

a) artificial neural networks
b) computer systems designed similar to human brains by sending information through loosely connected ‘neurons’
c) allows the system to tackle complex problems

28
Q

ML?

a) name?
b) define?
c) example and how they work?

A

a) machine learning
b) the ability to analyze and use patterns in data to draw conclusions
c) Alexa - gathers information from human speech to better understand human language over time

29
Q

DL?

a) name?
b) define?
c) what type of learning is this?
i) unsupervised learning
ii) supervised learning

A

a) deep learning
b) ability to learn from the mistake in order to make it more efficiently next time
c) i)

30
Q

IT?

a) name?
b) define?
c) types of jobs related? (3)

A

a) information technology
b) a study focused on the management and processing of info through tech
c) working with computers, telecommunications, and software deployment

31
Q

software deployment?

A

running applications on a server

32
Q

data mining?

a) define
b) example

A

a) the process fo analyzing and investigating significant patterns through massive amounts of data
b) retailers use the system to tell what products are being sold on what days in what locations in order to increase revenue.

33
Q

recommendation engines?

a) define
b) how does it work?
c) example of a brand that uses this system

A

a) AI systems that help people discover services they want
b) it uses data mining
c) amazon

34
Q

How do AI systems aid banks? describe each. (3)

A
  1. process large credit card transactions for fraudulent behavior
  2. assesses the risk of extending credit to customers through spending patterns, credit scores, debt repayment.
  3. determine interest rates and loans
35
Q

a) How do AI systems aid transportation?

b) advantages (2)

A

a) self-driving cars
b)
1. optimize vehicle use
2. increase in safety

36
Q

embodied agents?

a) what are they?
b) purpose

A

a) robots that look and act like human beings

b) to do jobs that are hazardous or repetitive

37
Q

How do AI systems aid the education system? describe each. (2)

A
  1. intelligent personal assistants meant for learning a new language. Through conversation engagement, grammar correction, and word choice expansion.
  2. check plagiarism through programs such as Turnitin
38
Q

Turing test?

A

a test to distinguish between a human and a computer system

39
Q

computer forensics?

a) define
b) example of use?

A

a) analyses computer systems to gather potential legal evidence
b) a murderer was caught by using it on his computer searching for key terms, activity history, and related files.

40
Q

How do AI systems aid the education system? describe each. (2)

A
  1. facial reconstruction of skulls

2. computer forensics - analyses computer systems to gather potential legal evidence

41
Q

How do AI systems aid the education system? describe each. (3)

A
  1. data mining of historical patient visits and treatments for quick and cost-effective diagnosis and treatment.
  2. treatment recommendations through patient data analasys.
  3. patient analysis of tissue and 3D printing in order to produce the more cost-effective prosthetic limb
42
Q

a) How do AI systems aid autism? (3)
b) by who?
c) name of the program

A

a) exposes the patient to an on-screen person to mimic specific situations (a date or job interview) using affective computing
b) MIT Media Lab
c) MACH

43
Q

a) MACH

b) affective computing

A

a) my automated conversation coach

b) system that recognizes and simulates human emotions

44
Q

a) AR? describe

b) VR? describe

A

a) augmented reality - the addition of digital info directly into our reality
b) virtual reality - replaces our world with an artificial world

45
Q

a) ethics?

b) morals?

A

a) study of morals

b) conforming to accepted ideas or right or wrong

46
Q

Intellectual Property?

A

work resulted from someone’s creativity and knowledge that is copyrighted

47
Q

how does tech create ethical challenges? (7)

A
  1. makes it easier to plagiarise intellectual property
  2. lack of privacy due to social media sharing
  3. bias predictive policing - leading to racial arrests
  4. liability through 3D printing - if it breaks who is responsible for the manufacture or the 3D printer company?
  5. location and age censorship of info
  6. hacktivism
  7. automated robotic machinery - SDC
48
Q

predictive policing?

a) define
b) type of sources (4)

A

a) data mining different sources in order to prevent future crimes
b) crime maps, traffic cams, surveillance footage, and social media

49
Q

hacktivism?

a) define
b) example

A

a) using computer hacking to invoke social changes
b) Worms Against Nuclear Killers - a computer worm meant to pretest against launching a shuttle that carried radioactively plutonium

CIS*1000 (15 decks)

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