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CIS*1000 > Unti 02: Looking at Computers - Understanding the Parts > Flashcards

Unti 02: Looking at Computers - Understanding the Parts Flashcards

1
Q

computer?

A

data processing device that gathers, processes, outputs, and stores data and info

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2
Q

a) input?
b) process?
c) Output?
d) Storage?

A

a) gathers/enable users to enter data
b) organizes data into info
c) displays data in a form suitable to the user
d) saves data for later use

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3
Q

What is the difference between data and info?

example of each

A

data - is a representation of a fact, figure, or idea
ex - Zoe or 7135553297

Info - data presented in a meaningful fashion
ex contact list is Zoe tel.(713) 555-3297

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4
Q

a) binary language?
b) bit
c) byte

A

a) computer language consisting of 0’s and 1’s
b) binary digit - 0 or 1 (computer language letters)
c) a combination of 8 binary digits (like computer language words)

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5
Q

a) electrical switches?

b) what does 1 represent vs 0

A

devices within a computer that are either flipped on (1) or off (0)

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6
Q

a) transistors?

A

electrical switches made out of layers of semiconductors

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7
Q

semiconductor?

a) define
b) example
c) how does it work?

A

a) a material that can be used as both a conductor or an insulator
b) silicon
c) will only conduct electricity at a certain voltage

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8
Q

why were integrated circuits developed?

A

eventually, the advancement of tech required more transistors in a smaller space than readily available. Therefore integrated circuits allowed this.

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9
Q

integrated circuits

a) define
b) also known as

A

a) a tiny region of semiconductor material that can support a huge amount of transistors
b) integrated chips

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10
Q

Microprocessors - what do they contain?

A

they contain CPU

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11
Q

CPU?

a) name
b) function
c) size
d) analogy

A

a) central processing unit
b) processes data into info
c) as tiny as a fingernail
d) analytical part of the brain

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12
Q

a) function of bits and bytes? (2)

b) examples? (3)

A

a)
1. computer language
2. represents the quantity of data/info that can be inputted/outputted
b)
1. 1’s and 0’s
2. word files, digital images, and software

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13
Q

units

a) KB -> bytes
b) MB -> bytes
c) GB -> bytes
d) TB -> bytes
e) PB -> TB

A

a) 1 thousand bytes
b) 1 million bytes
c) 1 billion bytes
d) 1 trillion bytes
e) 1 thousand TB

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14
Q

how much data can a _____ store?

a) personal computer?
b) business computers

A

a) TB - 1 trillion bytes

b) PB - 1 thousand TB

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15
Q

a) What does a computer use to process bits/bytes? (2)

b) define

A

a)
1. hardware
2. software
b)
1. any part of the computer that you can physically touch
2. the computer programs that enable the hardware to perform tasks

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16
Q

application software?

a) define
b) examples (4 out of 8)

A

a) a set of programs that allow users to carry out certain tasks
b) word processing, sending emails, budgeting, creating a presentation, editing photos, taking online courses, and playing games

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17
Q

System software?

a) define
b) analogy

A

a) allows hardware and application software to work together
b) mother system software lets kid hardware to have playdates with friend application software

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18
Q

a) What is the most common type of system software?
b) function
c) analogy
d) versions (2)

A

a) OS - operating system
b) control how the computer function
c) mechanical part of the brain (establishes movement)
d) Microsoft windows or apple’s macOS

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19
Q

types of personal computers? (2)

A
  1. stationary

2. portable

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20
Q

types of portable computers? (3)

A
  1. cell phones
  2. tablets
  3. laptops
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21
Q

what is special about smartphone compared to regular cell phones?

A

they can do many tasks at the same times using the same device

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22
Q

are all cell phones smartphones?

A

No

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23
Q

digital convergence?

A

that act of incorporating a range of features that used to be available on separate dedicated devices

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24
Q

a) what are the different types of cell phones? (2)

b) which one is a more powerful cell phone?

A
  1. smartphone - more powerful

2. feature phone

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25
Q

7 parts of a cell phone

A
  1. memory
  2. cameral module
  3. microphone
  4. display screen
  5. touch-screen controller
  6. battery
  7. CPU
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26
Q

table?

a) define
b) example (3)

A

a) a portable computer as a multi-touch-sensitive screen
b)
1. apple iPad
2. amazon fire
Samsung galaxy

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27
Q

what are the 2 differences between a smartphone and a tablet?

A
  1. size/weight - the phone is smaller and lighter

2. cellular phone calls - phones can tablets cannot

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28
Q

what are 7 similarities between smartphones and tablets?

A
  1. OS - IOS, Android, windows
  2. CPU
  3. touch screen
  4. battery life - 10 hours
  5. software apps
  6. internet activity - both cellular and wi-fi
  7. Bluetooth
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29
Q

Bluetooth?

a) define
b) how does it work?

A

a) allows devices to transfer data wirelessly to other Bluetooth enabled devices
b) uses radio waves

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30
Q

a) Can tablets be communication devices
b) what types of communication can it do? (3)
c) what types can it not do?
d) examples of applications? (2)

A

a) yes
b) wi-fi audio or visual call, and text
c) cellular calls
d) skype, WhatsApp

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31
Q

what was the first type of portable computer?

A

laptop

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32
Q

types of laptops variations? (3)

A
  1. 2-in-1 PC
  2. ultrabooks
  3. Chromebooks
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33
Q

2-in-1 PC?

a) modes? (2)
b) types of models and the difference between them?

A

a)
1. laptop model
2. tablet mode
b)
1. Microsoft Surface - touch screen and keyboard are detachable
2. Lenovo Yoga - the keyboard is folded behind the touch screen

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34
Q

advantage of a 2-in-1 PC instead of a tablet? (2)

A
  1. can access the same apps as a laptop

2. access to the keyboard

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35
Q

features of an ultrabook (6)

  1. connector
  2. thickness
  3. type of drive
  4. weight
  5. size of the keyboard
  6. size of the screen
A
  1. use USB-C connector - compact USB ports
  2. 13 mm thick
  3. SSD drive - fast response time
  4. less than 3 lbs
  5. full-sized keyboard
  6. 13 to 15-inch screen
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36
Q

a) the goal of the ultrabook?

b) types (2)

A

a) thin is key!

b) Macbook Air and Huawei MateBook

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37
Q

Chromebook?

a) what it is designed for?
b) what does it use?

A

a) to always be connected to the internet

b) it uses a google chrome OS

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38
Q

what type of computer is a desktop?

A

stationary

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39
Q

a) system unit?

b) peripheral device - example (2)?

A

a) separate tower that stores the main components of the computer
b) a component that connects to the computer - keyboard or monitor

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40
Q

All-in-one computer?

a) define
b) example

A

a) house all computer components - no tower

b) Apple iMac

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41
Q

What are the advantages of a desktop computer? (2)

A
  1. easier to upgrade

2. larger screens - or use a larger monitor

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42
Q

Mainframe?

a) define
b) what are they used for?

A

a) large computer that supports many users all at once

b) in businesses that manage large amounts of data

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43
Q

Supercomputer?

a) define
b) how many programs does it execute at once?

A

a) a computer meant to perform complex calculations rapidly

b) as few as possible

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44
Q

Embedded computer?

a) define
b) where are they located

A

a) self-contained computer with its own programming

b) is embedded in other computing devices

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45
Q

input device?

A

a device that lets the user input commands to their computer

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46
Q

a) keyboard?

b) touch screens

A

a) input device that uses keys to input commands

b) display screens that use touching the screen to input commands

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47
Q

types of keyboards?

a) which one is the most common
b) which one is the most efficient?

A
  1. QWERTY keyboard - more common

2. Dvorak keyboard - more efficient

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48
Q

why is the Dvorak keyboard the most efficient?

A

it contains all of the most common letter used in English as the home keys

49
Q

a) mouse?

b) cursor?

A

a) pointing device used to enter commands

b) the arrow on the screen that indicates what you want to point at

50
Q

what is the most common pointing device?

A

mouse

51
Q

what is the most common type of mouse? describe

A

optical mouse: uses internal lasers to sense movement

52
Q

ways for a wireless mouse to connect to a computer? (2)

A
  1. USB drive

2. Bluetooth

53
Q

3 kinds of input devices for images?

a) how do they connect to a computer?

A
  1. digital cameras
  2. camcorders
  3. mobile devices
    a) using cable
54
Q

a) flatbed scanners?

b) OCR

A

a) an input device that generates digital images

b) optical character recognition software - digitizes and saves text

55
Q

Dragon Naturally Speaking?

A

a voice recognition application

56
Q

are voice recognition features built into computing systems?

A

yes

57
Q

examples of intelligent personal assistants (4)

A
  1. Siri
  2. google assistant
  3. Microsoft’s Cortana
  4. amazons Alexa
58
Q

4 types of microphones - best used for?

A
  1. close-talk - conferences/phone calls/voice recognition software
  2. omnidirectional - conference calls in the meeting room
  3. unidirectional - podcasts/youtube videos
  4. clip-on - presentations with movement/hands-free discussions
59
Q

display screen?

A

an output device that displays text graphics and videos

60
Q

types of display screens?

a) which one is the most common
b) which one is the most energy-efficient?
c) which one requires the least amount of power

A
  1. liquid crystal display (LCD) - most common
  2. light-emitting diode (LED) - most energy efficient
  3. organic light-emitting diode displays (OLED) - uses the least amount of power
61
Q

what type of display is used for;

a) laptops and desktops
b) tablets and smartphones

A

a) LCD

b) OLED

62
Q

what is the most cost-effective high-resolution device?

A

Ultra HD

63
Q

2 ways to show output display to a group of people

A
  1. projector

2. interactive whiteboard

64
Q

different types of printers - describe

a) which one is higher quality
b) which one is more cost-effective?

A
  1. inkjet printer - direct printing - higher quality

2. laser printer- indirect printing - cost-effective

65
Q

types of specialty printers? (3)

A
  1. all-in-one: combines printing, scanning, copying, and faxing in one machine
  2. large format: prints larger images
  3. 3D printer: printer 3D objecting using heated plastic that cools down
66
Q

aspect ratio

A

the width to height ratio of a monitor

67
Q

motherboard?

a) define
b) where is it located on the desktop?
c) where is it located on a laptop/tablet?

A

a) main circuit board that contains central electronic components
b) in system unit (tower)
c) system unit (within the device)

68
Q

RAM?

A

Random-access memory - storage of currently used data/programs

69
Q

volatile storage?

A

a temporary type of storage (RAM)

70
Q

ROM?

A

read-only memory - nonvolatile storage

71
Q

nonvolatile storage?

A

permanent storage

72
Q

expansion card/adapter card?

A

circuit boards that provide additional functionality

73
Q

sound card?

A

type of expansion card that connects to the speaker/microphones

74
Q

video card?

A

type of expansion card that connects to a monitor

75
Q

NIC?

A

network interface card - enable connection to other devices or internet connection

76
Q

GPS?

A

global positioning system - a network of satellites that orbit each enabling a wifi connection to devices

77
Q

machine cycle?

A

how fast the CPU gets info from the RAM and converts it into computer language

78
Q

gigahertz

A

units billion of machine cycle per second

79
Q

single-core CPU?

A

allows one program to work at a time

80
Q

multi-core CPU?

A

allows many programs to work at once

81
Q

hard drive?

A

desktop/laptop primary deceive for permanent storage

82
Q

internal hard drive?

A

hard drive within the device

83
Q

external hard drive?

A

hard drive connected to PC via port

84
Q

Hard drive disk?

A

type of hard drive with movable parts

85
Q

SSD?

A

solid state drive - a type of hard drive that has no moving parts

86
Q

drive bay?

A

the location of permanent storage devices within a laptop/desktop

87
Q

internal drive bay?

A

within internal hard drives

88
Q

external drive bay?

A

house DVD or Blu-ray drives

89
Q

flash drive/jump drive/USB drive/thumb drive?

A

an external hard drive that uses a solid-state flash memory to store info outside of the device

90
Q

flash memory card?

A

an external hard drive that uses solid-state flash memory allowing the user to transfer digital data between the computer and digitial devices

91
Q

SD card?

A

type of flash memory card

92
Q

do cell phones contain hard drives?

A

no

93
Q

capacity of

a) SSD
b) external portable hard drive
c) mechanical internal hard drive
d) flash drive
e) flash memory card

A

a) 30TB
b) 16TB
c) 30TB
d) 4TB
e) 1TB

94
Q

cloud storage?

A

a service that stores files on the internet

95
Q

types of cloud storage?

A
  1. google drive
  2. Microsoft
  3. onedrive
  4. dropbox
96
Q

Green Computing/green IT?

A

a movement that encourages the use of environmentally friendly computing devices

97
Q

Port?

A

a place to attach peripheral devices in order to exchange data

98
Q

thunderbolt ports?

A

a device that allows users to connect up to 6 ports within one computer

99
Q

USB?

A

universal serial bus port - most common port used on a computer

100
Q

types of peripherals using USB

A

keyboards, printers, mice, smartphones, external hard drives, flash drives, and digital cameras.

101
Q

transfer speed of USB 3.2 standard

A

20 Gbps

102
Q

connectivity port?

A

a port that provides access to networks and internet

103
Q

Ethernet port?

A

transfer data at high speeds - 10000Mbps

104
Q

HDMI?

A

high definition multimedia interface port - most common video port (uses both audio and video)

105
Q

what uses HDMI ports? (4)

A

monitors, Blu-ray players, TVs, and game consoles

106
Q

most common types of HDMI ports? (3)

A

Types D,C, and A

107
Q

how to find what apps draw the most power for android?

A

For Android devices, click Settings > Device > Battery or Settings > Power > Battery Use and you’ll see a list of apps and how much battery power they’re consuming.

108
Q

how to find what apps draw the most power for iOS?

A

For iOS devices, click Settings > Battery and wait for the battery usage list to populate. Click the clock icon to display information on the foreground and background power use.

109
Q

how to find what apps draw the most power for windows?

A

For Windows, launch Settings from the Notifications area, select System, select Battery, then click the See which apps are affecting your battery life link.

110
Q

power supply?

A

transforms wall voltage into battery life for the device

111
Q

best way to turn off iOS or windows

A

power - shut down

112
Q

sleep mode?

A

when the computer enters a state of power conservation all programs are held in RAM easily available.

113
Q

warm boot?

A

restarts the computer while it is powered on

114
Q

cold boot?

A

Powering on your computer from a completely turned off state

115
Q

hibernate?

A

sleep mode except data is stored on hard drive and power if off

116
Q

ergonomics?

A

the science that deals with the design and location of machines to prevent uncomfortable or unsafe experiences

117
Q

DisplayPort?

A

similar to an HDMI port

118
Q

5 ways to stay safe and comfortable when using a computing device

A
  1. proper positioning
  2. adjustable chair
  3. proper typing position
  4. take breaks
  5. adequate lighting
119
Q

assistive/adaptive technologies?

A

tech services meant to aid people with disabilities

CIS*1000 (15 decks)

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