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Microbiology > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Innate immunity

A

-intrinsic
-always present
-unspecific
-lack immunological memory
-immediate response

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2
Q

Acquired immunity

A

Specific recognition
Need a prior infection
Improves on repeated exposure
Immunological memory

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3
Q

Stages of specific immunity

A

Recognition
Activation
Response

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4
Q

Description granulocytes

A

Large cytoplasmic granules
Polylobed nucleus

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5
Q

Types granulocytes

A

Neutrophils
Basophils
Eosinophils

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6
Q

Granular leukocytes

A

Granulocytes
Mast cells
Agranulocytoses

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7
Q

Description agranulocytoses

A

Small granules
Rounded nucleus

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8
Q

Types agranulocytoses

A

Monocytes
T cells
B cells
Natural killers

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9
Q

What happens in primary lymphoid organs

A

Development and maturation of lymphocytes

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10
Q

What happens in secondary lymphoid organs and tissues

A

Where mature lymphocytes and antigens meet

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11
Q

B lymphocytes mature in

A

Bone marrow

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12
Q

T lymphocytes mature in

A

Thymus

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13
Q

What are the secondary lymphoid organs and tissues

A

Spleen
Lymph nodes
Mucosal Associated lymphoid Tissue MALT

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14
Q

MALT

A

Mucosal associated lymphoid tissues

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15
Q

What happens in the Spleen

A

Defense against antigens in blood

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16
Q

What happens in Lymph nodes

A

Interaction of circulating antigens from tissues with phagocytes

17
Q

What happens in MALT

A

Capture of antigens from urinary, gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts

18
Q

Antigen

A

Substance that is recognized as foreign and triggers an immune response

19
Q

Immunogenicity

A

Ability of a substance to trigger an immune response

20
Q

Antigenicity

A

Ability to be specifically recognized by the antibodies generated by the immune response

21
Q

Antibodies synonym

A

Immunoglobulin

22
Q

Antibodies

A

Substance that binds to and kill a specific antigen

23
Q

Natural barrier definition

A

Mechanisms inherited as part of the innate structure

24
Q

Natural barrier types

A

Biological
Chemical
Physical

25
Q

Biological barrier

A

Microbiota
Flora

26
Q

Physical barrier

A

Mucus
Skin
Secretions
Beating cilia

27
Q

Chemical barrier

A

Acid pH in vagina and stomach
Lysozyme in tears and saliva

28
Q

What does the Immune defense start

A

Once the pathogen has entered the body

29
Q

2nd line of defense

A

Innate immunity

30
Q

3rd line of defense

A

Acquired immunity

Microbiology (12 decks)

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