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Brain And behavior Unit 1 > Unit 1 - 2 > Flashcards

Unit 1 - 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Somatic intervention

A

Manipulating the body may affect behavior

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2
Q

Behavioral intervention

A

Experience affects the body (including the brain)

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3
Q

Correlation

A

Body and behavioral measures Covary

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4
Q

Idea of conserved function

A

Arose from a common ancestor; includes structure and function of neurons

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5
Q

Invasive Histology Techniques

A

Studies the brain at the cellular level and must be performed on tissue samples 

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6
Q

Non-invasive Histology Techniques

A

Studies, broader functioning in a living brain, generally by images 

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7
Q

Nissl staining (invasive)

A

Fills all cell bodies, because it binds to mRNA, label all cells in a region

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8
Q

Golgi staining (invasive)

A

Fills cells completely revealing details, including projections. Real fine details of individual neurons (one at a time)

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9
Q

Autoradiography (invasive)

A

Detection of radioactive compounds in the brain

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10
Q

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) (invasive)

A

Detection of antibodies raised against a particular protein (studies immune cells)

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11
Q

In situ hybridization(invasive)

A

Probes to detect RNA or DNA only of genes that are expressed in that neuron 

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12
Q

CAT (non-invasive)
Computerized Axial Tomography

A

Detects major disruptions, such as strokes or tumors


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13
Q

MRI (noninvasive)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A

 Enables us to see fine structure and recognize subtle changes in the brain by using protons and radio waves 

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14
Q

fMRI (noninvasive)
Functional MRI

A

Detect small changes in brain metabolism and detects activity in real time

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15
Q

PET (noninvasive)
Positron Emission Tomography

A

Detects radioactive chemicals in the brain to observe brain activity 

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16
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

17
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Everything else

18
Q

Somatic Nervous System (PNS)

A

Nerves that interconnect the brain and major muscles and sensory systems of the body (voluntary)

19
Q

Autonomic Nervous System (PNS)

A

Nerves that connect primarily to the viscera (internal organs) (involuntary)

20
Q

Cranial Nerves (sensory)

A

Olfactory (smell)
Optic (vision)
Trigeminal (faces, sinuses, teeth)
Facial (tongue, soft palate)
Vestibulocochlear (hearing and balance)
Glossopharyngeal (taste)
Vagus (info from internal organs)

21
Q

Cranial Nerves (motor)

A

Oculomotar, Trochlear, Abducens (move eyes)
Spinal Accessory (neck muscles)
Hypogloassal (tongue muscles)

22
Q

Autonomic Nervous System =

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

23
Q

Sympathetic

A

Prepare for action

24
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Relax and recuperate

25
Q

Gray matter

A

Neuronal cell bodies for processing info (cell bodies)

26
Q

White matter

A

Projections for transmissions of info (axonal projections)

27
Q

Four lobes of the brain

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

28
Q

Gyrus

A

Ridge on cerebral cortex (n)

29
Q

Sulcus

A

Depression or groove in cerebral cortex (u)

30
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

Control movement

31
Q

Limbic System

A

Regulates emotion and memory
(Amygdala and hippocampus)

32
Q

Thalamus

A

Takes incoming sensory info and directs it to appropriate area of cortex to process

33
Q

Thalamus

A

takes processed sensory info and directs it back out to appropriate body responses

34
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Controls pituitary gland, homeostasis (hunger, thirst, temperature regulation)

35
Q

Cerebellum

A

Motion coordination
Cognition including learning

36
Q

Brainstem: Pons

A

Sensory and motor nuclei

37
Q

Brainstem: Medulla

A

autonomic functions (heart, breathing)

Brain And behavior Unit 1 (9 decks)

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