Unit 1 Flashcards
(160 cards)
______ is the biological drive to find and eat food and is regulated by internal mechanisms underlying metabolism
Hunger
________ is the psychological drive to eat and is influenced by external factors such as environment social customs, etc.
Appetite
_______ is a state in which there is a temporary feeling of satisfaction with no desire to eat
Satiety
_______ and ______ centers of the brain maintain nutrient availability in our body
Feeding and satiety
What is nutrition?
The science that links. Foods to health and disease
Nutrition includes the processes by which the human organism _______, _______, ________, _____ and ______ food substances
Ingests, digests, absorbs, tranpsort and excretes food substances
Foods provide _____ and _____
Energy and nutrients
What are the 3 characteristics an essential nutrient?
1) it has a specific biological function
2) removing it from the diet leads to decline in human biological function
3) adding the missing nutrient back to the diet before permanent damage occurs restores those biological functions impaired by its absence
What are the quidelines of nutrition?
Focus on variety, nutrient densit and amount
What are the 3 functions of nutrients?
Provide energy
Promote growth, development and maintenance
Regulate biochemical processes
What are the 6 classes of nutrients?
Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water
What classes of nutrients provide energy?
Lipids and carbohydrates
Proteins in times of starvation
What sources fo nutrients promote growth, devleopment and maintenance?
Proteins and lipids
Water
Some vitamins and minerals
What sources of nutrients regulate biochemical processes?
Proteins
Water
Some lipids,vitamins and minerals
________ are nutrients needed in gram quantities in the diet
_______ are nutrients need in milligram or microgram quantiteis in the diet
Macronutrients
Micronutrients
What are examples of macronutrients?
Water Carbohydrates Lipids Protein Fiber
What are examples of micronutrients?
Vitamins and minerals
There are ____ essential nutrients: ___ families
42
6
What is the essential carb?
Glucose
What are the essential lipids? (2)
Linoleic acid (omega-6) Alpha-linolenic acid (omega 3)
What are the 9 essential amino acids?
Histidine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan and valine
HILK MFW TV
(Single letter abbreviations)
What are the two categories of vitamins?
Water-soluble and lipid soluble
What are the essential water soluble vitamins?
B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, folate and ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
What are the full names of the following water soluble vitamins? B1 B2 B3 B5 B6 B7 C
B1: thiamine B2: riboflavin B3: Niacin B5: pantothenic acid B6: pyridoxine B7: biotin C: ascorbic acid