unit 1

Question 1

analyze consciousness into basic elements and investigate how these elements are related

Answer 1

Structuralism

Question 2

careful, systematic self-observation of one’s own conscious experience

Answer 2

introspection

Question 3

investigate the function or purpose of consciousness

Answer 3

functionalism

Question 4

functionalist supporter, consciousness is a flow of thoughts, stream of consciousness

Answer 4

William James

Question 5

psychology should only study observable behaviour

Answer 5

behaviourism

Question 6

any observable response/activity by an organism

Answer 6

behaviour

Question 7

any detectable input from the environment

Answer 7

stimulus

Question 8

thoughts, memories, desires, well below surface of awareness but still influence behaviour

Answer 8

unconscious

Question 9

behaviour explained by unconscious influence

Answer 9

psychoanalytic theory

Question 10

emphasizes the unique quality of humans, freedom, growth

Answer 10

humanism

Question 11

John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner

Answer 11

Behavioural

Question 12

Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler

Answer 12

Psychoanalytic

Question 13

Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow

Answer 13

Humanistic

Question 14

Jean Piaget, Nam Chomsky, Herbert Simon

Answer 14

Cognitive

Question 15

James Olds, Roger Sperry, David Hubel, Torsten Wiesel

Answer 15

Biological

Question 16

David Buss, Martin Daly, Margo Wilson, Leda Cosmides, John Toby

Answer 16

Evolutionary

Question 17

psychology concerned with everyday, practical problems

Answer 17

applied psychology

Question 18

psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psych problems and disorders

Answer 18

clinical psychology

Question 19

mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge

Answer 19

cognition

Question 20

people’s manipulations of mental images influence how they behave

Answer 20

cognitive perspective

Question 21

examines behaviour in its adaptive value over generations

Answer 21

evolutionary psychology

Question 22

Martin Seligman, understanding the positive, adaptive, and creative aspects of human existence

Answer 22

positive psychology

Question 23

study of behaviour and the psychological processes that underlie it, profession that applies this to practical problems

Answer 23

psychology

Question 24

human dev across lifespan

Answer 24

developmental psychology

Question 25

focus on interpersonal behaviour, social forces and attitude

Answer 25

social psychology

Question 26

focus on sensation, perception, learning, condition, motivation, emotion... traditional topics of early psychology

Answer 26

experimental psychology

Question 27

influence of genetic factors on behaviour and the role of brain, nervous system, endocrine system, bodily chemicles

Answer 27

physiological psychology

Question 28

"higher" mental processes, memory, reasoning, info processing, language, problem solving, decision making and creativity

Answer 28

cognitive psychology

Question 29

understanding/describing someone's consistency in behaviour. assessment of personality too

Answer 29

personality psychology

Question 30

measurement of behaviour and capacities, psychological tests, tests designed to assess intelligence...

Answer 30

psychometrics

Question 31

branch of medicine, diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems

Answer 31

psychiatry

Question 32

treatment, evaluation and diagnosis of psychological disorders

Answer 32

clinical psychology

Question 33

assistance to people with everyday problems, family, marital or career counselling

Answer 33

counselling psychology

Question 34

improve curriculum design, achievement tests, educational process...

Answer 34

educational and school psychology

Question 35

business and industry psychology works, HR departments, improve morale

Answer 35

industrial and organizational psychology

Question 36

knowledge should be acquired through observation

Answer 36

empiricism

Question 37

system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations

Answer 37

theory

Question 38

widely shared customs... of a community over generations

Answer 38

culture

Question 39

Study system, SQ3R

Answer 39

Survey, question, read, recite, review

Question 40

using the characteristics and format of a test to your benefit

Answer 40

testwiseness

Question 41

use of cognitive skills and strategies to increase the probability of a positive outcome

Answer 41

critical thinking