Unit 1 (Chapters 1) Revised Flashcards
What is the ecological theory and who invented it?
Bronfenbrenner theory that emphasizes the interactions of development and the environment
What are all the layers of brofenbrenners ecological theory (10 pts)
Microsystem: school/home
Mesosystem: relatnships between world (school/work/soccer)
Exosystem: social impacts child does not participate in(mom getting promoted)
Macrosystem: culture
Chronosystem: major life and cultrural transitions like divorce or the invention of internet
What are the 5 satges of Freud’s psychosexual development
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
What are Piagett’s 4 cognitive stages and when do they occur?
Sensorimotor: Birth–2 years
Preoperational: 2–7 years
Concrete operational: 7–11 years
Formal Operational: 11 years and older
Explain Piagett’s Sensorimotor and Preoperational stages
“the infant constructs an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical actions”
“Child begins to represent the world with words and images”
Explain Piagett’s concrete operational and formal operational stages
“Child can now reason logically about concrete events and classify objects into different sets”
Reason becomes more abstract, logical and idealistic
What is Erikson’s theory of cognitive development?
student of Freud’s
-Psychosocial stages not psychosexual, desire to affiliate with others
-changes through life span not jsut first 5 years
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What are Erikson’s 8 stages of psychosocial development
Trust vs mistrust
autonomy vs shame and doubt
initiative vs guilt
industry vs inferiority
identity vs identity confusion
intimacy vs isolation
generativity vs stagnation
integrity vs despair
Briefly describe Vygotsky’s theory of social cognitive development
Like Piagett, children construc their own knowledge but emphasizes social and cultural context
Describe inoormation processing
Views the human mind as working something like a computer
Thinking involves perceiving, encoding, representing, storing, and retrieving information
What is Bandura’s theory?
Added social cognition to operant conditioning (bheaviorst/cognitive mix)
Immitation
Name a criticism of behaviourist theories
not enough emphasis on biological foundations(skinner)
What is Lorenz theory?
Ethological theory
emphasized biology
What is a cross sectional study and what is its opposite?
cross sectional is when you observe data from multiple cohorts to study development over time, a longitudinal study examines a single cohort over time
What three processes work together to form the develpmental process
Biological, cognitive, socioemotional
