Unit 1-rates of reaction Flashcards
What is a variable
Something that can be managed in a chemical reaction
What are different kinds of variables
Temperature, particles size, concentration, volume, mass
What is a fair test
When you only change one variable at a time in a chemo la reaction
What kind of particles, concentration and temperature make a slow reaction
Large particles, low concentration, low temperature
What kind of particles, concentration and temperature make a fast reaction
Small particles, high concentration, high tempreature
What happens to make a chemical reaction occurs and how does it work
The reactant particles must collide and the collisions provides the energy to break the bonds in the reactant molecules and form the new bonds in the product
What do you call it when a chemical reaction works
Successful
What must the particles collide like have for a collision to happen
Correct geometry
Sufficient energy
How does the change of particle size affect the rate of reaction
As the particle size decreases the surface area increases and as the surface area increases, the area available for collisions to happen increases
How does the change of concentration affect the rate of reaction
Increasing the concentration of reactants will increase the number of collisions
High concentration = more collisions
Low concentration = few collisions
How does the change of temperature affect the rate of reaction
The higher the temperature, the faster the particles move
What happens to particles as the temperature increases
The amount of energy a particle has increases
The faster the particles move around
The more likely the particles are to collide
What is temperature a measure of
The average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance/ a measure of how fast the particles move.
What is the speed of reaction
How fast new substances are made
What do all chemical reactions produce
New substance
How can the speed of a reaction be found
By measuring how fast the new substance is made
How do you measure a change in mass
Using a conical flask, balance, HCL(aq), marble chips and cotton wool
How do you measure a change in volume
Using a gas syringe, conical flask, reaction moxture
What is the equation for measuring average reaction rate
Rate = change in quantity/change in time
What is a catalyst
A substance which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but can be recovered chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction
What happens when a reaction has stopped
Change in colour
Precipitate formed
A gas has stopped fizzing
What happens during a chemical reaction with a catalyst
The reactants move onto the catalysts surface where they collide and react, then they leave the surface as a product
What apparatus do you need to monitor rate
Weighing scales and a substance and the mass would decrease as gas is produced
Or
Boiling tube with side arm and gas syringe (must include measuring lines) the plunger would be pushed out as gas is produced
