Unit 1 vocab Flashcards
(28 cards)
A Native American language group from the Northeastern woodlands.
Algonquian
Pre-Columbian Native American cultures known for their earthen mounds and trade networks.
Adena-Hopewell
Pre-Columbian Native American cultures known for their cliff dwellings and complex societies in the Southwest.
Anasazi and Pueblo
A Mesoamerican civilization known for their advanced agriculture, architecture, and human sacrifice rituals.
Aztec
A hierarchical social classification system based on race used in the Spanish colonies.
Casta (Caste) System
A Spanish labor system where Spanish landowners were granted indigenous people to work for them in exchange for protection and Christianization.
Encomienda system
The monarchs of Spain who sponsored Christopher Columbus’s voyages to the New World.
Ferdinand and Isabella
The theory that human behavior, culture, and societal development are strongly influenced by the physical environment.
Geographic Determinism
An English explorer known for his exploration of the Hudson River and Hudson Bay in North America.
Henry Hudson
The Spanish conquistador who led the conquest of the Aztec Empire in Mexico.
Hernan Cortes
A powerful alliance of Native American tribes in the Northeast known for their political and military strength.
Iroquois Confederation
An Italian explorer who explored the coast of North America for England in the late 15th century.
John Cabot
A Spanish historian and Dominican friar known for his defense of the rights of indigenous peoples.
Bartolome de las Casas
The widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World.
Columbian Exchange
Spanish conquerors who sought wealth and glory in the Americas through military conquest.
Conquistadores
A Spanish philosopher who argued in favor of the Spanish conquest of the Americas and the subjugation of indigenous peoples.
Juan Gines de Sepulveda
A Native American tribe of the Great Plains known for their nomadic lifestyle and warrior culture.
Lakota Sioux
A type of corn that was a staple crop for many Native American civilizations.
Maize
Settlements of escaped slaves in the Americas who formed their own communities and resisted recapture.
Maroon Communities
Religious outposts established by Spanish colonizers in the Americas to convert indigenous peoples to Christianity.
Missions
A religious movement in the 16th century that aimed to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.
Protestant Reformation
Native American people of the Southwest known for their multi-story adobe dwellings.
Pueblo Indians
A French explorer and cartographer known as the ‘Father of New France’ for founding Quebec City.
Samuel de Champlain
Native American people of the Southwest known for their multi-story adobe dwellings.
Pueblo Indians
