Unit 10 Flashcards
What are the 2 causes of change?
Internal/External
What is incremental change?
Small changes responding to opportunities and threats
What is disruptive change?
Arisen from changes in external environment
What does Lewin’s Force Field Analysis assess?
Driving forces and resisting forces to change
What is restructuring?
Changing capital structure or business scope
What is delayering?
Removing layers of the hierarchy
What is an organic structure characterised by?
Informal, flexible, accepts change
What is a mechanistic structure characterised by?
Formal, centralised, no perceived need for change, resist change
What are Kotter and Schlesinger 4 resistors to change?
Self-interest, misunderstanding, different assessment, low tolerance
What are the 6 ways to overcome barriers to change?
Education, manipulation, coercion, negotiation, facilitation, participation
What are Handy’s 4 classifications of organisational culture?
Power, person, role, task
What is organisation culture?
Unspoken way things are done within a business
What are Handy’s 6 dimensions of international culture?
Masc v Fem, Long-term orientation, Uncertainty avoidance, power distance, indulgence v restraint, individualism v collectivism
What is a strong culture?
Embedded and staff understand
What is a weak culture?
Little alignment of values and inconsistent behaviour
What are 3 reasons for changing organisational culture?
Poor performance, new leadership, external environment
What are Johnson and Scholes’s 6 problems when changing organisational culture?
Power structures, symbols, stories, routines, control systems, organisational structures
What are the 4 sections of Schein’s model?
Paradigm, behaviours, beliefs, values
What is strategy?
The choices a business makes to achieve its objectives
What is a functional structure?
Business organised into different departments based on expertise
What is a product-based structure?
Assign employees to specific divisions for their product
What is a regional structure?
Divisions based in different geographical areas
What is a matrix structure?
Traditional departments in functional structure have project teams
What is critical path analysis?
Planning method to help a business complete a project in the shortest amount of time possible
