Unit 1A- Biomolecules, Cells Flashcards

(48 cards)

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

Internal stable environment

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2
Q

pH scale

A

System of measurement that measure the concentration of H+

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3
Q

Proton

A

Positive charged particle in an atom, found in the nucleus

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4
Q

Carbohydrate

A

ex. is a sugar; Made up of C, H, and O with the H and O in a 2:1 ratio; made up of monosaccharides

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5
Q

Acid

A

compound that releases H+; 0-6 on a pH scale

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6
Q

Lipid

A

example is a fat, oil, wax; made up of C,H, and O with the H O being in a much greater ratio than 2:1 ; made up of fatty acids and a glycerol molecule

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7
Q

Nucleic Acid

A

example is DNA/RNA; made up of C,H,O,N, P; large complex molecule made up of a sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base

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8
Q

Protein

A

made up of amino acids; C,H,O,N; examples is muscle, enzymes

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9
Q

Solvent

A

Substance that dissolves another

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10
Q

Independent Variable

A

Variable that is intentionally changed or manipulated in an experiment

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11
Q

Dependent Variable

A

Variable in an experiment that is observed or responds to the change

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12
Q

Monosaccharide

A

Single sugar molecule; monomer of a carbohydrate

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13
Q

Disaccharide

A

Double sugar molecule

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14
Q

Base

A

AKA alkaline; compound that releases OH- ; 8-14 on the pH scale

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15
Q

Neutral

A

OH- and H+ ions are equal; 7 on the pH scale

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16
Q

Neutron

A

particle in the nucleus of an atom that does not have a charge

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17
Q

Spontaneous Generation

A

example- flies come from meat; living things come from nonliving things; disproved partly by Redi & and totally by Pasteur

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18
Q

Biogenesis

A

living things come from other living things

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19
Q

Enzyme

A

a protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up a reaction by lowering the activation energy

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20
Q

Polysaccharide

A

many sugared molecule

21
Q

Solution

A

Mixture of 2 or more substances in which they are evenly distributed

22
Q

Theory

A

Based on scientific fact but hasn’t been proven

23
Q

Ribonucleic Acid

A

RNA; contains ribose sugar

24
Q

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

A

DNA; contains deoxyribose sugar

25
Electron
Negatively charged particle located outside of the nucleus of an atom
26
Ion
Atom that gains or loses electrons
27
Covalent Bond
Process by which atoms combine by sharing electrons
28
Ionic Bond
Process by which atoms combine by transferring electrons
29
Atom
Basic unit of matter
30
Metabolism
All of the chemical reactions that take place in the body
31
Buffer
A weak acid or base that prevents sudden increases or decreases in pH
32
Nucleotide
monomer of a nucleic acid; made up of a sugar, phosphate and a nitrogen base
33
Amino Acid
Monomer of a protein
34
Catalyst
Any molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction
35
Substrate
The reactant that an enzyme bonds with and acts upon; example - hydrogen peroxide
36
Isotope
An atom that has the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons
37
Control Group
Variable that is not changed in an experiment; most natural setting/environment
38
Evolution
Organisms change over time
39
Biology
Study of life
40
Stimulus
Something that causes a physiological or psychological response
41
Asexual Reproduction
Offspring arise from a single parent
42
Sexual Reproduction
Offspring arise from two parents
43
Hypothesis
Proposed explanation for a phenomenon
44
Data
A body of facts; information
45
Science
Systematic knowledge of the physical or material world gained through observation and experimentation
46
Molecule
Any very small particle
47
Compound
Composed of two or more elements
48
Element
Cannot be separated into simpler substances