Unit 1A- Biomolecules, Cells

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Internal stable environment

Question 2

pH scale

Answer 2

System of measurement that measure the concentration of H+

Question 3

Proton

Answer 3

Positive charged particle in an atom, found in the nucleus

Question 4

Carbohydrate

Answer 4

ex. is a sugar; Made up of C, H, and O with the H and O in a 2:1 ratio; made up of monosaccharides

Question 5

Acid

Answer 5

compound that releases H+; 0-6 on a pH scale

Question 6

Lipid

Answer 6

example is a fat, oil, wax; made up of C,H, and O with the H O being in a much greater ratio than 2:1 ; made up of fatty acids and a glycerol molecule

Question 7

Nucleic Acid

Answer 7

example is DNA/RNA; made up of C,H,O,N, P; large complex molecule made up of a sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base

Question 8

Protein

Answer 8

made up of amino acids; C,H,O,N; examples is muscle, enzymes

Question 9

Solvent

Answer 9

Substance that dissolves another

Question 10

Independent Variable

Answer 10

Variable that is intentionally changed or manipulated in an experiment

Question 11

Dependent Variable

Answer 11

Variable in an experiment that is observed or responds to the change

Question 12

Monosaccharide

Answer 12

Single sugar molecule; monomer of a carbohydrate

Question 13

Disaccharide

Answer 13

Double sugar molecule

Question 14

Base

Answer 14

AKA alkaline; compound that releases OH- ; 8-14 on the pH scale

Question 15

Neutral

Answer 15

OH- and H+ ions are equal; 7 on the pH scale

Question 16

Neutron

Answer 16

particle in the nucleus of an atom that does not have a charge

Question 17

Spontaneous Generation

Answer 17

example- flies come from meat; living things come from nonliving things; disproved partly by Redi & and totally by Pasteur

Question 18

Biogenesis

Answer 18

living things come from other living things

Question 19

Enzyme

Answer 19

a protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up a reaction by lowering the activation energy

Question 20

Polysaccharide

Answer 20

many sugared molecule

Question 21

Solution

Answer 21

Mixture of 2 or more substances in which they are evenly distributed

Question 22

Theory

Answer 22

Based on scientific fact but hasn’t been proven

Question 23

Ribonucleic Acid

Answer 23

RNA; contains ribose sugar

Question 24

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Answer 24

DNA; contains deoxyribose sugar

Question 25

Electron

Answer 25

Negatively charged particle located outside of the nucleus of an atom

Question 26

Ion

Answer 26

Atom that gains or loses electrons

Question 27

Covalent Bond

Answer 27

Process by which atoms combine by sharing electrons

Question 28

Ionic Bond

Answer 28

Process by which atoms combine by transferring electrons

Question 29

Atom

Answer 29

Basic unit of matter

Question 30

Metabolism

Answer 30

All of the chemical reactions that take place in the body

Question 31

Buffer

Answer 31

A weak acid or base that prevents sudden increases or decreases in pH

Question 32

Nucleotide

Answer 32

monomer of a nucleic acid; made up of a sugar, phosphate and a nitrogen base

Question 33

Amino Acid

Answer 33

Monomer of a protein

Question 34

Catalyst

Answer 34

Any molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction

Question 35

Substrate

Answer 35

The reactant that an enzyme bonds with and acts upon; example - hydrogen peroxide

Question 36

Isotope

Answer 36

An atom that has the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons

Question 37

Control Group

Answer 37

Variable that is not changed in an experiment; most natural setting/environment

Question 38

Evolution

Answer 38

Organisms change over time

Question 39

Biology

Answer 39

Study of life

Question 40

Stimulus

Answer 40

Something that causes a physiological or psychological response

Question 41

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 41

Offspring arise from a single parent

Question 42

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 42

Offspring arise from two parents

Question 43

Hypothesis

Answer 43

Proposed explanation for a phenomenon

Question 44

Data

Answer 44

A body of facts; information

Question 45

Science

Answer 45

Systematic knowledge of the physical or material world gained through observation and experimentation

Question 46

Molecule

Answer 46

Any very small particle

Question 47

Compound

Answer 47

Composed of two or more elements

Question 48

Element

Answer 48

Cannot be separated into simpler substances