Unit 1C Test

Question 1

What are the three components of cell theory?

Answer 1

1) All organisms are composed of cells
2) All cells come from preexisting cells
3) Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms.

Question 2

Describe prokaryotic cells

Answer 2

Has no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles

Question 3

Nucleoid

Answer 3

Region in prokaryotic cell where DNA is concentrated

Question 4

Bacteria

Answer 4

Can cause disease but are important in environment for decomposition

Question 5

Archaea

Answer 5

Prokaryotic cells that live in extreme conditions

Question 6

What structures do prokaryotic cells contain?

Answer 6

Cell membrane
Cell wall
Capsule
Cytoplasm
Nucleoid
Ribosomes
Flagella

Question 7

Plant cell wall v. Promaryotic cell wall

Answer 7

Prokaryotic cell wall is made of peptidoglycan and not cellulose

Question 8

T or F - Prokaryotic cells’ DNA shape is identical to our DNA shape

Answer 8

False - PK cells have circular DNA

Question 9

T or F - Pk cells are close to the same size as Ek cells

Answer 9

False - Pk cells are much smaller

Question 10

The endomembrane system includes…

Answer 10

All cell organelles enclosed in cell membranes

Question 11

What is a nuclear envelope?

Answer 11

Double membrane that encloses nucleus

Question 12

What is the function of pore structures?

Answer 12

Allows mRNA to leave and enter the nucleus to give ribosomes instructions.

Question 13

What is made in the nucleolous?

Answer 13

Ribosomes

Question 14

Ribosomes

Answer 14

Small structures made of RNA (rRNA) and protein which build proteins using instructoons from genes in the DNA.

Question 15

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 15

Extensive network of membranes which are continuous with the nuclear envelope

Question 16

Importance of endomembrane system

Answer 16

Membranes facikitate cellular processes by minimizing competing interaxns by increasing surface area

Question 17

Endosymbiotic theory

Answer 17

Early ancestor of eukaryotic cell engulfed an oxygen using, non-photosynthetic prokaryotic cell which evolved into the mitochondria

Question 18

Evidence for endosymbiotic theory

Answer 18

Mitochondria and chloroplast have two membranes surrounding them unlike other organelles in the cell

Mitochondria and chloroplast contain their own ribosomes as well as multiple circular DNA molecules - both of which are found in prokaryotes.

Mitochondria and chloroplast are autonomous and grow out and replace as necessary. Can reproduce on their own

Question 19

What makes up the cytoskeleton?

Answer 19

Actin filaments

intermediate filaments

microtubules