Unit 2 Flashcards
(26 cards)
population distribution
how people are spread across the earth
population density
the # of people living in an area
arable land
land you can grow crops on
subsistence agriculture
growing food to sustain your family
carrying capacity
the maximum population an area can support
demographics
the study of a population (age gender income etc)
ecumene
places on earth where people live (us, Africa, china)
fertility
how many kids are being born
CBR CRUDE BIRTH RATE
number of babies born per 1000 people each year (40 = lots of kids) (10 = US)
TFR TOTAL FERTILITY RATE
average number of kids a women will have (1.786 in the US)
mortality
number of deaths in a population
CDR CRUDE DEATH RATE
number of deaths in a population per 1000 people (40 = huge, 10 = stable in the us
Infant mortality rate IMR
number of infant deaths per 1000 live births ( under one year of age) (5.3 deaths per 1000 live births in the USA)
life expectancy
the average amount a person will live for (77.5 years in the USA)
rate of natural increase RNI or NRI
measure of how quickly a population is growing or declining (CDR-CBR/1000 USA 0.65%)
doubling time
number of years it will take for a population to double (world will double in 2083)
overpopulation
to many people in one area
DTM DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL
a theory that explains how a country’s population changes over time (Birth rate Death rate Population)
Stage 1
Pre-industrial/Pre-transition: high birth and death rates, resulting in a relatively stable, low population (brazil even though not many fit the criteria)
Stage 2
Industrializing/Urbanizing: The death rate begins to decline due to improvements in healthcare and sanitation, while the birth rate remains high, leading to rapid population growth. (sub-saharan Africa, afghanistan, Yemen, and Palestine)
Stage 3
Mature Industrial: The birth rate begins to decline as access to contraception and family planning increases, and the death rate continues to decline, resulting in a slower population growth rate. (India Mexico and South Africa)
Stage 4
Post-industrial/Post-transition: Both birth and death rates are low, leading to a slow population growth or even a decline in population. (United States, Canada, Australia)
Stage 5
declining population, low birth rates and high death rates, leading to a negative natural increase (Japan, Germany, Italy)
arithmetic density
population density (number of people/land area)
