Unit 2 But Short

Question 1

Term for long term global warming and global cooling

Answer 1

Interglacial periods and glacial periods

Question 2

The term for earth’s irregular orbit

Answer 2

Mikanovitch cycle

Question 3

Name for a high pressure system

Answer 3

An anticyclone

Question 4

Main effect of high pressure systems and how they are represented by isobars

Answer 4

No clouds are formed: high pressure systems have spaced out isobars and this means that there is slow change in weather

Question 5

Why do higher altitudes have lower temperatures

Answer 5

Because they have lower pressure

Question 6

List the airmasses we get in the UK

Answer 6

Arctic Maritime
Polar continental
Polar maritime
Tropical continental
Tropical maritime

Question 7

In general what do continental airmasses bring

Answer 7

Drier weather, cold winters, warm summers

Question 8

What do maritime airmasses bring

Answer 8

Milder weather and rain

Question 9

Define biome

Answer 9

A large scale ecosystem

Question 10

What is classified as a desert

Answer 10

Somewhere with less than 25cm per year

Question 11

Biotic and abiotic definition

Answer 11

Biotic - living
Abiotic - not living

Question 12

appreciate :)

Answer 12

Question 13

What is succession

Answer 13

Where a plant or animal community gives way to another until a climax is reached

Question 14

What are the stages in a nutrient web

Answer 14

Producers (plants) and consumers (animals usually)

Question 15

What are the levels of plants in a rainforest

Answer 15

• Shrubs
• Under canopy
• Canopy
  
  • Emergent layer

Question 16

Give two adaptations in tropical rainforests

Answer 16

• Lianas are woody vines
  
  • Buttress roots support tall trees

Question 17

Why do savannas form

Answer 17

Because there isn’t enough rain to form a forest

Question 18

Where are grasslands generally

Answer 18

A little away from the equator’s rainfall but still in the Hadley Cell

Question 19

When is the highest temperature in savannas

Answer 19

Just before the rainfall

Question 20

Give two adaptions of the savanna

Answer 20

The baobab and acacia trees

Question 21

Define biodiversity, fauna and flora

Answer 21

Biodiversity is the measure of how many different types of fauna (animals) and flora (plants) are in an ecosystem

Question 22

Define endemic species

Answer 22

A species which is unique to a particular ecosystem or location. These are often the most vulnerable to changes in climate or deforestation.

Question 23

What do ecosystems provide for humans

Answer 23

Key services

Question 24

What process leads to sandunes

Answer 24

Succession

Question 25

What are the five types of sand dunes in order plus bonus non dune

Answer 25

1. Embryo dunes 2. Fore dunes 3. Yellow dunes 4. Grey dunes 5. Dune slack (not dune) 6. Mature dune

Question 26

What is an example of a pioneer plant for sand dunes

Answer 26

Marram grass

Question 27

When do dunes stop

Answer 27

When vegetation and environment reach an **equilibrium** a **climax community** is created

Question 28

Case study for the use of ecosystems

Answer 28

Gwynt y môr wind farm

Question 29

Gwynt y môr wind farm factfile pleaseee

Answer 29

* 15km from the North Coast of Wales * 2nd largest wind farm in the world * Cost £2 billion to make * Produces power for 400,000 homes * 100+ jobs * Sustainable * Affects bird migrations * Not particularly beautiful

Question 30

Development definition

Answer 30

The process by which a country becomes wealthier and the quality of life of its citizens improves

Question 31

Three types of development

Answer 31

Political, economic, social

Question 32

What measures do we have for economic development

Answer 32

GDP, GNI (average wage)

Question 33

Where is groundwater stored

Answer 33

In aquafers - basically huge underground caverns filled with water

Question 34

What does NEE stand for

Answer 34

New Emerging Economy - an example is India

Question 35

What are examples of a poorer and richer state in India

Answer 35

Mumbai is coastal and rich, Bihar is landlocked and poor

Question 36

What proportion of the UK's population can commute to London in under an hour

Answer 36

About 30% - 20 million people

Question 37

What is the effect where good or bad regional situations are exacerbated

Answer 37

The multiplier effect (positive/negative multiplier effect)

Question 38

What are our policies for decreasing regional inequality in the UK

Answer 38

* Northern Powerhouse scheme (to increase investment) * HS2 * M4 Relief Road * Local Authority powers * EZs (enterprise zones, think 1930s)

Question 39

Newcastle case study

Answer 39

1. Newcastle enterprise package supports new businesses 2. Newcastle Science City between the council, university and EU to support the innovation sector 3. The Millennium Bridge over the Tyne

Question 40

What are measures for social development

Answer 40

* Literacy rate * Patients per doctor * Infant mortality rate (IMR) * Life expectancy * Access to safe water

Question 41

How do we measure gender equality

Answer 41

The Gender Inequality Index (GII)

Question 42

What is the combined measure of social and economic development factors

Answer 42

The HDI (human development index)

Question 43

What age do some children work from

Answer 43

5

Question 44

What organisations fight against child labour

Answer 44

* The ILO (international labour organization) * United Nations * Child Hope - a charity