Unit 2 - Cells

Question 1

anaerobic respiration

Answer 1

produces ATP without oxygen

Question 2

Fermentation

Answer 2

How cells get energy in the absence of oxygen

Question 3

aerobic respiration

Answer 3

produces ATP when oxygen is present

Question 4

How is energy stored in ADP?

Answer 4

A bond is made between phosphates which forms the molecule ATP

Question 5

How is energy released from ATP?

Answer 5

Bonds between the phosphates are broken.

Question 6

ADP

Answer 6

When ATP removes a phosphate by breaking a bond, what new molecule is formed ?

Question 7

ATP

Answer 7

Which energy molecule (ATP or ADP) has more energy?

Question 8

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

Answer 8

Carbon dioxide + Water + Sunlight

Question 9

What are the products of photosynthesis?

Answer 9

Glucose + Oxygen

Question 10

In which organisms does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 10

Plants & other producers

Question 11

In which organisms does cellular respiration occur?

Answer 11

All organisms

Question 12

Which type of respiration, aerobic or anaerobic, produces more energy?

Answer 12

aerobic respiration

Question 13

Where in the cell does cellular respiration occur?

Answer 13

Mitochondria

Question 14

Where in the cell does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 14

Chloroplast

Question 15

Photosynthesis

Answer 15

A process that producers (autotrophs) perform to make food using light.

Question 16

What factors affect the rate of cellular respiration?

Answer 16

Amounts of glucose and oxygen

Question 17

What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 17

Amounts of water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide

Question 18

What is the ultimate source of energy?

Answer 18

The sun

Question 19

What pigment absorbs sunlight within the chloroplast? (It gives plants that green color!)

Answer 19

Chlorophyll

Question 20

Where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 20

Cytoplasm

Question 21

What are the reactants of cellular respiration?

Answer 21

Glucose + Oxygen

Question 22

What are the products of cellular respiration?

Answer 22

Carbon dioxide + Water + ATP

Question 23

organelle

Answer 23

tiny structure that performs a specialized function (or job) in the cell

Question 24

nucleus

Answer 24

Holds & protects the genetic information of the cell.

Question 25

ribosome

Answer 25

Where proteins are made

Question 26

cell membrane

Answer 26

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 27

cell wall

Answer 27

Provides added structure & support to plant cells. Found outside the cell membrane.

Question 28

chloroplast

Answer 28

site of photosynthesis. Uses the suns energy to make food energy (glucose)

Question 29

mitochondria

Answer 29

site of cellular respiration. Uses food energy (glucose) to make useable energy (ATP)

Question 30

vacuole

Answer 30

Storage area for water and nutrients.

Question 31

flagellum

Answer 31

long whip-like tail that helps with movement

Question 32

cilia

Answer 32

many small hairs that helps with movement

Question 33

pseudopod

Answer 33

extensions of the cytoplasm that are used for movement and feeding

Question 34

What are 2 organelles plants have that animal cells don't have?

Answer 34

Cell wall, chloroplasts

Question 35

What is the structure in animal cells that contains digestive enzymes to break things down?

Answer 35

Lysosomes

Question 36

Do plant cells have mitochondria, chloroplasts, both or neither?

Answer 36

Both

Question 37

Do animal cells have mitochondria, chloroplasts, both or neither?

Answer 37

Mitochondria only

Question 38

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 38

Cells

Question 39

These 3 statements make up the ____________ _______________. 1. All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of life 3. All cells come from preexisting cells.

Answer 39

Cell Theory

Question 40

Prokaryote

Answer 40

cells with no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

Question 41

Eukaryote

Answer 41

cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Question 42

membrane bound organelles

Answer 42

only in eukaryotes; organelles that have their own membrane