Unit 4 - Single-Celled Organisms

Question 1

A virus requires the use of what to replicate?

Answer 1

a host cell

Question 2

True or False: A protist can be either unicellular or multicellular.

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

True or False: All protists are autotrophs.

Answer 3

FALSE

Question 4

Amoebas feed through the use of what?

Answer 4

Pseudopodia

Question 5

True or False: Amoebas do not have cell walls.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

What is the purpose of a contractile vacuole in an amoeba?

Answer 6

Pump out water

Question 7

Single celled organisms will usually reproduce through which method?

Answer 7

asexual reproduction

Question 8

Paramecium move by using which of these?

Answer 8

cilia

Question 9

Fungus-like protists do which of the following jobs in an ecosystem?

Answer 9

Decomposition

Question 10

Are viruses living?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

A virus that infects a bacteria cell is called…

Answer 11

a bacteriophage

Question 12

The capsid, or outer coat, of a virus is made of…

Answer 12

Proteins

Question 13

Name the shapes that a virus can take

Answer 13

Helical, polyhedral, envelope, combined

Question 14

What does a virus do once it attaches to the host cell’s cell membrane?

Answer 14

Injects its DNA

Question 15

True or False: Viruses are species specific

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

A virus hijacks a host cell and forces it to make new viruses before the host cell bursts. The virus is in which cycle?

Answer 16

Lytic

Question 17

In which cycle is the virus’s DNA integrated into the host cell’s?

Answer 17

Lysogenic

Question 18

True or False: Viruses can be cured.

Answer 18

FALSE

Question 19

Which part of the body’s immune system marks viruses for destruction?

Answer 19

Antibodies

Question 20

All bacteria cells are living and…

Answer 20

Prokaryotic

Question 21

True or False: Bacteria have a cell wall.

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

When a bacteria cell copies its DNA and makes an identical copy of itself, this is called…

Answer 22

Binary Fission

Question 23

A bacteria cell exchanges DNA with another bacteria cell before they reproduce, this is…

Answer 23

Conjugation

Question 24

Which cyle are bacteria a major part of?

Answer 24

Nitrogen Cycle

Question 25

What are some of the functions of bacteria?

Answer 25

decomposition, making food/medicine

Question 26

Bacterial diseases are treated with the use of...

Answer 26

antibiotics

Question 27

Penicillian works by interfering with the bacteria's ability to form...

Answer 27

a cell wall

Question 28

A disease producing agent is called a...

Answer 28

pathogen

Question 29

A disease that is constantly present in the population is called a(n)...

Answer 29

endemic disease

Question 30

Which type of immunity is usually passed to offspring from the mother?

Answer 30

Passive Immunity

Question 31

Which type of immunity is a result of encountering a pathogen and your own body builds its antibodies?

Answer 31

Acquired Immunity

Question 32

What is the job of the interleukins?

Answer 32

Call for help

Question 33

When viruses reproduce, they have a high chance of doing something to let them 'escape' antibodies. What do they do?

Answer 33

Mutate

Question 34

How can germs enter your body?

Answer 34

eyes, mouth, open wounds, nose

Question 35

Bacteria cells do not have membrane-bound organelles. This means they are which: eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Answer 35

prokaryotic

Question 36

True or False: Viruses mutate rapidly.

Answer 36

TRUE

Question 37

What is the job of natural killer cells?

Answer 37

Kill all cells in an infected area

Question 38

What do macrophage cells do?

Answer 38

Clean up debris

Question 39

In your immune system, antibodies are produced by what type of cell?

Answer 39

B Cells

Question 40

True or False: Protists are only unicellular.

Answer 40

FALSE

Question 41

Protists can be either heterotrophic or autotrophic. What does HETEROTROPHIC mean?

Answer 41

Gets food from other sources

Question 42

Protists can be either heterotrophic or autotrophic. What does AUTOTROPHIC mean?

Answer 42

Makes own food

Question 43

Do amoebas have a set shape?

Answer 43

No; they are shapeless

Question 44

Paramecium and amoebas use a contractile vacuole to pump out excess...

Answer 44

water

Question 45

When bacteria reproduce without exchanging DNA with another bacteria cell, this is which kind of reproduction?

Answer 45

Binary Fission

Question 46

When bacteria reproduce and they DO exchange DNA with another bacteria cell, this is...

Answer 46

Conjugation

Question 47

Why are viruses considered non-living?

Answer 47

Cannot reproduce on their own, cannot perform respiration, and cannot grow or develop new structures

Question 48

A virus that targets and infects bacteria is called what?

Answer 48

bacteriophage

Question 49

The outer coat of a virus, made of proteins, is called what?

Answer 49

capsid

Question 50

A virus' genetic material is stored in which part?

Answer 50

inner core

Question 51

Some viruses have an extra layer outside of the capsid. What is the name of this outer layer?

Answer 51

envelope

Question 52

Viruses that have a combined shape have a tail and tail fibers. What do the tail fibers do?

Answer 52

Connect virus to host cell

Question 53

If a virus resembles small crystals, it is what shape?

Answer 53

polyhedral

Question 54

If a virus has an extra layer outside of the capsid that has small spikes on it, what shape is it?

Answer 54

envelope with projections

Question 55

A virus that is long and narrow is called what shape?

Answer 55

helical

Question 56

A virus that has a polyhedral head, a narrow tail, and tail fibers, is what shape?

Answer 56

combined

Question 57

True or False: All viruses can infect all species.

Answer 57

FALSE

Question 58

Which is faster: The lytic cycle or the lysogenic cycle?

Answer 58

lytic

Question 59

A virus' genetic material is integrated with the host cell's before making more viruses later. This is which cycle?

Answer 59

lysogenic

Question 60

Viruses can be treated or prevented with the use of...

Answer 60

vaccines

Question 61

Why do scientists have to develop a new vaccine for the flu every year?

Answer 61

viruses mutate quickly and old vaccines don't work

Question 62

Which type of cell will carry pieces of the virus to the T and B cells?

Answer 62

dendritic cells

Question 63

Which type of cell remembers the virus for the rest of your life and provides you with immunity?

Answer 63

memory cells

Question 64

True or False: Bacteria are always unicellular.

Answer 64

TRUE

Question 65

Bacterial DNA is held in circular chromosomes within the cell. What are these chromosomes called?

Answer 65

plasmids

Question 66

Antibiotics are capable of treating diseases caused by what kind of pathogen?

Answer 66

bacteria

Question 67

A virus, bacteria, or other disease-causing agent is called a...

Answer 67

pathogen

Question 68

What is the name of the theory that states specific diseases are caused by specific pathogens?

Answer 68

germ theory

Question 69

If a disease like the common cold is constantly in the population, it is what kind of disease?

Answer 69

endemic disease

Question 70

When many people have the same disease at the same time in the SAME AREA, it is called which: Pandemic or Epidemic?

Answer 70

epidemic

Question 71

When many people have the same disease at the same time in the many different regions/countries, it is a...

Answer 71

pandemic

Question 72

Which type of immunity is passed from mother to child: Passive or Acquired?

Answer 72

Passive Immunity

Question 73

Which type of immunity is gained from exposure to pathogens and diseases during your lifetime: Passive or Acquired?

Answer 73

acquired Immunity

Question 74

A dendritic cell brings pieces of a virus to this cell, which will go to the site of infection and kill ONLY the infected cells.

Answer 74

T cells