Unit 2 Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Brain Hemisphere Division

A
  • Longitudinal fissure
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2
Q

Brain Hemisphere Communication

A
  • Corpus callosum
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3
Q

Fissure

A
  • Deep grove
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4
Q

Sulcus

A
  • Shallow Groove
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5
Q

Gyrus

A
  • Ridge
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6
Q

Frontal Lobe

A
  • Behaviour & emotional control
  • Personality
  • Problem solving
  • Voluntary motor activity, planning movement
  • Broca’s area
  • Precentral gyrus
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7
Q

Broca’s Area

A
  • Production of language
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8
Q

Parietal Lobe

A
  • Integrates sensory information
  • Touch, pain, proprioception
  • Perception of language
  • Wernicke’s area
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9
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A
  • Understanding speech
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10
Q

Pre-Central Gyrus

A
  • Voluntary motor activity
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11
Q

Post-Central Gyrus

A
  • Sensory reception of touch
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12
Q

Temporal Lobe

A
  • Auditory information processing
  • Processes language
  • Semantics & naming
  • Processes smell
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13
Q

Temporal Lobe Division

A
  • Lateral fissure
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14
Q

Occipital Lobe

A
  • Receives & processes visual information
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15
Q

Occipital Lobe Division

A
  • Parieto-occipital sulcus
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16
Q

Diencephalon

A
  • Thalamus
  • Hypothalamus
  • Pituitary gland
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17
Q

Thalamus

A
  • Sensory information
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18
Q

Hypothalamus

A
  • Maintain homeostasis
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19
Q

Pituitary Gland

A
  • Secrete hormones
20
Q

Brainstem Components

A
  • Midbrain
  • Pons
  • Medulla oblongata
21
Q

Midbrain

A
  • Connect brainstem to cortex
22
Q

Pons

A
  • Connect cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla
  • Transmit sensory information from periphery to brain
23
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A
  • Continuous with spinal cord
  • Pyramid (center)
  • Olive (lateral)
24
Q

Cerebellum

A
  • Coordination of voluntary movement
  • Balance & equilibrium
  • Integrates proposed movement with current body position
  • Corrects ongoing movements
25
Q

White Matter Spinal Cord

A
  • Periphery
  • Longitudinal tracts of axon (sensory & motor)
26
Q

Grey Matter Spinal Cord

A
  • Central H
  • Neuron cell bodies
  • Glial cell bodies
  • Dorsal horn
  • Ventral horn
27
Q

Dorsal Horn

A
  • Sensory
28
Q

Ventral Horn

A
  • Motor
29
Q

Ventricles Function

A
  • Large fluid filled cavities in brain
  • Produce CSF
30
Q

Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)

A
  • Surrounds brain & spinal cord
  • Within subarachnoid space
31
Q

Ventricle Order

A
  • Lateral ventricle x2
  • Interventricular foramen
  • Third Ventricle
  • Cerebral aquaduct
  • Forth Ventricle
  • Central canal
32
Q

Meninge Types

A
  • Dura mater
  • Arachnoid mater
  • Pia mater
33
Q

Dura Mater

A
  • Thickest meninge type
  • Protect brain
  • Wrap around nerves exiting spinal cord
  • Exterior layer
34
Q

Pia Mater

A
  • Thinnest meninge type
  • Into sulci of brain
  • Surface of spinal cord
  • Can’t be pealed off, painted into brain grooves
35
Q

Arachnoid Mater

A
  • Thin
  • White & wispy
36
Q

Meninges Function

A
  • Supportive framework for vasculature
  • Protect CNS from mechanical damage
  • Provide tether points for brain
37
Q

Arachnoid (Subarachnoid) Space

A
  • Filled with cerebrospinal fluid
  • Provide cushioning
38
Q

Subdural Space

A
  • Venous blood
  • Between dura & arachnoid
39
Q

Extracerebral Hemorrhage

A
  • Between skull & brain
  • Increased intracranial pressure
40
Q

Epidural Hematoma

A
  • Bleed above dura
  • Arterial blood
41
Q

Subdural Hematoma

A
  • Bleed below dura
  • Above arachnoid mater
  • Venous blood
42
Q

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

A
  • Arterial blood
  • Subarachnoid space
43
Q

Epidural Space

A
  • Fat filled area
  • Above dura
  • Contains blood vessels
  • No puncture to dura
44
Q

Lumbar Puncture Function

A
  • Sample cerebrospinal fluid
  • Spinal anesthesia
45
Q

Epidural Function

A
  • Provide anesthetic
46
Q

Lumbar Puncture & Epidurals

A
  • Inserting needle into lumbar region
  • Access spinal cord
  • Below level of conus medullaris (L1-L2)
  • Epidural fat last layer punctured
47
Q

Lumbar Cistern

A
  • Sample, inject
  • Outpouching area in subarachnoid space
  • Filled with cerebrospinal fluid