UNIT 2 past paper questions Flashcards
(47 cards)
what is the onset of puberty in males triggered by a secretion from
hypothalamus
explain the purpose of a control
To ensure that any change in results is due
to the variable that is altered
State why there are 2 values shown on a sphygmomanometer
one number is the systolic pressure and the other is the diastolic pressure
high blood pressure over a prolonged period can result in hypertension
state one disease in which hypertension is a risk factor
stroke
give the term used for the process where conditions that exist in a family are used to determine the genotypes of members
genetic counselling
State the term used to describe the procedure to detect single gene disorders in fertilised eggs before they are implanted in the mother
PGD
Name two hormones produced by the corpus luteum
progesterone
oestrogen
Explain what is meant by in vitro fertilisation
the egg and the sperm are allowed to mix outside the body of the female
Ovulation can be stimulated by drugs that prevent the negative feedback effect of what
oestrogen on FSH secretion
Babies with a VSD often have a lower stroke volume than babies who
have a normal heart structure.
Despite this, both groups of babies often have similar cardiac outputs.
Suggest how babies with a VSD are able to achieve a similar cardiac
output to babies with a normal heart structure.
they have a higher heart rate
Explain why all the patients were advised to exercise regularly to
increase their weight loss.
exercise increases energy expenditure and preserves lean tissue
Describe one function of cholesterol
found in cell membranes
determine a pattern of inheritance which would indicate that a condition is recessive
disease skips generation
determine a pattern of inheritence which would indicate a condition is sex linked
affects more males than femals
name a substance which may accumulate in an artery resulting in the formation of an atheroma
cholesterol
name the type of blood clot which can break away from its site of formation and enter the general circulation
embolus
Describe the cascade of reaction involved in the formation of a blood clot in an artery
atheroma ruptures damaging the endothelium
clotting factors are released
prothrombin is converted to thrombin
fibrinogen forms threads of fibrin
blood clot is formed which seals the wound
explain why a father cannot pass a sex linked condition to his son
the allele is carried on the x chromosome and the father passes the y chromosome to his son
Explain what prevents the further development of follicles when an embryo is developing in the uterus.
high levels of oestrogen causes a negative feedback effect on the pituitary gland so production of FSH fall
Predict how this individual’s ECG trace would change under the influence of the parasympathetic nervous system
peaks would be further apart
During exercise, adrenaline is released which inhibits the production of
insulin.
Explain why this is important to the cyclist.
insulin activates the conversion of glucose to glycogen which results in glucose being used for respiration
State a way in which the composition of tissue fluid is different from blood plasma
it contains no protein
Name a substance which is passed from the leg muscle cells into blood capillaries
lactic acid
Name the active enzyme that is produced by the action of clotting factors
thrombin
