Unit 2 Quiz #2

Question 1

evaporation

Answer 1

liquid water to water vapor

Question 2

transpiration

Answer 2

evaporation from leaves of plants

Question 3

condensation

Answer 3

water vapor to liquid water

Question 4

precipitation

Answer 4

water or snow that falls to Earth

Question 5

infiltration

Answer 5

water that is absorbed into the ground

Question 6

leaching

Answer 6

the movement of dissolved substances (fertilizer) caused by the movement of infiltrating water

Question 7

runoff

Answer 7

water that moves into rivers, streams, and lakes

Question 8

uptake

Answer 8

water that is taken in by plants

Question 9

groundwater

Answer 9

water that is stored underground

Question 10

Explain the water cycle

Answer 10

1) evaporation- liquid water from bodies of water and plants (transpiration) turns into water vapor
2) condensation- the vapor condenses to turn into clouds
3) precipitation- the water comes down from the clouds as rain or snow and re-enters the cycle
4) the water can then go though plants uptake, leaching, runoff, infiltration, or groundwater

Question 11

what’s the step where liquid water turns into water vapor

Answer 11

evaporation

Question 12

what’s the step where the water vapor turns into precipitation

Answer 12

condensation

Question 13

what can happen to the water after precipitation

Answer 13

it can be absorbed into the ground, leached, move through other bodies of water, taken in by plants, and stored underground

Question 14

what are the human impacts on the water cycle

Answer 14

overuse, diversion of the water, increasing water pollution, reducing infiltration, and deforestation

Question 15

what are the carbon “sinks”

Answer 15

the ocean and forests

Question 16

what are the steps in the carbon cycle

Answer 16

through photosynthesis carbon dioxide is pulled from the air to make food for the plants, through food chains the carbon that is in plants moves to the animals that eat them and the animals that eat other animals get the carbon from their food. when plants and animals die, their bodies decompose from decomposers and will become fossil fuels in millions of years. Animals and plants get rid of their carbon dioxide through respiration. when things are burned whether its through a fire or from fossil fuels, carbon moves to the atmosphere. the ocean absorb some of this carbon and is dissolved into the water.

Question 17

what are the 2 major processes involved in the carbon cycle

Answer 17

photosynthesis and respiration

Question 18

what are some areas where carbon “sinks” can be found

Answer 18

ocean, forest, underground

Question 19

list 4 ways carbon can get into the atmosphere

Answer 19

cellular respiration, when fossil fuels are burned, when organism die, and soil distribution

Question 20

what does the burial process result in

Answer 20

the organisms turn into fossil fuels in millions of years

Question 21

what are some examples of human impacts on the carbon cycle

Answer 21

combustion, soil distribution, respiration, and extraction

Question 22

why is nitrogen a limiting factor for producers

Answer 22

a lack of nitrogen limits their growth

Question 23

what’s a problem with atmospheric nitrogen

Answer 23

its is unusable by living things

Question 24

what is the largest “sink” for nitrogen

Answer 24

the atmosphere

Question 25

what are the steps of the nitrogen cycle

Answer 25

1) biotic nitrogen fixation- turns atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia by nitrogen fixing bacteria ( abiotic nitrogen fixation turns lighting straight to nitrates) 2) nitrification- turns ammonia to nitrites to nitrates by nitrifying bacteria 3) assimilation- nitrates are taken up by plants and animals 4) ammonification- decomposing bacteria decompose dead plants and animals and turn it into to ammonia 5) dentrification- nitrates are returned to the atmosphere by denitrifying bacteria

Question 26

how do consumers get their nitrogen

Answer 26

by eating plants and eating other consumers that eat plants

Question 27

how is the Haber process good

Answer 27

it allowed us to turn air to fertilizer which produces more crops for us

Question 28

how is the Haber process bad

Answer 28

50% of the nitrogen from these fertilizers isn't absorbed by plants and ends up as a compound in the Earth's water supplies.