Unit 2 Vocab Flashcards
(68 cards)
Virginia Company
joint stock company that was approved by King James I to create new settlements in the colony of Virginia
Powhatan
Chief of the _________ Indians of the middle colonies and father of Pocahontas. As a show of force, he staged the kidnapping and mock execution of Captain John Smith in 1607. He later lead the ________ Indians in the first Anglo-________ War
Powhatan Confederacy
group of Native American tribes during the 17th century that settled in Jamestown in VA
Lord De La Warr
Colonial governor who imposed harsh military rule over Jamestown after taking over in 1610 (Came immediatly after “Starving Time” which was the 3rd winter in Jamestown). A veteran of England’s brutal campaigns against the Irish, he applied harsh “Irish” tactics in his war against the Indians, sending troops to torch Indian villages and seize provisions. Delaware was named after him
John Rolfe
English colonist whose marriage to Pocahontas in 1614 sealed the peace of the 1st Anglo-Powhatan War. “Father of Tobacco” in North America.
Pocahontas
Daughter of Chief Powhatan, she “saved” Captain John Smith in a dramatic mock execution and served as a mediator between Indians and the colonists. In 1614, she married John Rolfe (“Father of Tobacco”) and sailed with him to England, where she was greeted as a princess. A few years later, she died before her planned return to the colonies
Anglo-Powhatan Wars
three wars fought between English settlers of the Virginia Colony, and Indians of the Powhatan Confederacy in the early seventeenth century. The First War started in 1610, and ended in a peace settlement in 1614.
headright system
referred to a grant of land, usually 50 acres, given to settlers in the 13 colonies. The system was used mainly in Virginia, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Maryland
indentured servants
a labor system where people paid for their passage to the New World by working for an employer for a certain number of year
House of Burgesses
With its origin in the first meeting of the Virginia General Assembly at Jamestown in July 1619, it was the first democratically-elected legislative body in the British American colonies.
Lord Baltimore
Established Maryland as a haven for Catholics. He unsuccessfully tried to reconstitute the English manorial system in the colonies and gave vast tracts of land to Catholic relatives, a policy that soon created tensions between the seaboard Catholic establishment and back-country Protestant planters
Barbados slave code
Established in 1661, it gave masters virtually complete control over their slaves including the right to inflict vicious punishments for even slight infractions.
Lord Proprietors
the kings court favorites who were granted an expanse of land ribboning across the continent to the pacific.
Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina
by Anthony Ashley Cooper and John Locke in 1669, it divided the colony into counties and parcels and created a rigidly hierarchical social order. It introduced limited government and the idea of a social contract.
Indian slave trade
In the Carolinas, guns were given to Natives in return for Indian slaves. Created constant warfare
Charles Town
Colonial capital of Carolina (est. 1680) located at the junction of the Ashley and Cooper Rivers. Was the center for trade through the Carolinas
Tuscarora War
________ people in eastern NC destroyed by SC forces, remnants moved to NY to join Iroquios (1711-1715)
Yamasee War
A series of attacks from 1715-1717 led by Catawbas, Creeks, and other Indian allies on English trading houses and settlements. Only by enlisting the aid of the Cherokee Indians, and allowing four hundred slaves to bear arms, did the colony crush the uprising.
James Oglethrope
Led a group of unpaid trustees to found the colony of Georgia to use as a location to send criminals and as a military buffer between the English and Spanish colonies.
Puritans
Militant Calvinists who insisted that membership in a congregation be limited to those who had had a conversion experience and that each congregation be independent of other congregations and of the Anglican hierarchy
Pilgrims (Separatists)
People with calvinistic ideas who wanted to separate themselves from the Church of England, so they came to the New World
Plymouth Colony
Colony established by English emigrants, half of which were Puritans. They sailed across the Atlantic on the Mayflower and signed the Mayflower Compact.
Mayflower Compact
One of the first government documents in America, it was signed by 41 “saints” before they left the ship and settled Cape Cod. It established a civil government and proclaimed their allegiance to the king.
William Bradford
First and long-term governor of the Plymouth Colony who won the title to their land. He distributed land amongst the families and repaid money borrowed for both charters (the charters from the king and Virginia Company) by using the fur trade.
