Unit 2.5

Question 1

Origins are
Insertions are
And muscles contract toward their

Answer 1

Proximal
Distal
Origin

Question 2

Skeletal structure become more complex from

Answer 2

Proximal to distal

Question 3

Anterior muscles of the pectoral girdle

Answer 3

Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

Question 4

Pectoralis minor origin
Insertion
Fibers course from
Action
Antagonist to
Synergist to
Example of

Answer 4

Ribs 3-5
Voracious process of the scapula
Inferior to superior
Protract and depress the scapula
Muscles that retract or elevate the scapula
Serratus anterior
Convergent muscle

Question 5

Serratus anterior action
Example
Antagonist to
Synergist to

Answer 5

Protracts and superiorily rotates the scapula
Convergent muscle
Muscles that retract it depress (inferior rotation) if the scapula
Muscles that protract it superiorily rotate the scapula

Question 6

Posterior muscles that position the pectoral girdle

Answer 6

Trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major and minor
Serratus anterior

Question 7

Trapezius origin
Insertion
Fibers course from
Action
Example
Antagonist to
Synergist to

Answer 7

Skull and spinous process of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Spine of the scapula, acromion, and clavicle
Inferior to superior (et thoracic), horizontal, and superior to inferior (et cervicis)
Multiple actions due to multiple insertions- superior fibers elevate the scapula, horizontal fibers adduct the scapula and inferior fibers depress the scapula
Convergent muscle
Can be both Synergist and antagonist- Levator scapula for the action of elevating the scapula

Question 8

Levator scapula action
Example
Antagonist to

Answer 8

Elevate the scapula
Parallel muscle
Pectoralis minor and trapezius et thoracis

Question 9

Rhomboid major action
Example
Antagonist to

Answer 9

Adduct the scapula
Parallel muscle
Any muscle that abducts the shoulder so deltoid and supraspinatus

Question 10

Rhomboid minor action
Synergist to

Answer 10

Adduct the scapula
Rhomboid major

Question 11

Muscles that act on the shoulder originate _ and insert _

Answer 11

On the thoracic rib cage
Upper limb bone humerus

Question 12

Muscles act only on a joint when they

Answer 12

Cross the joint

Question 13

Anterior shoulder compartment

Answer 13

Muscles that are flexors of the shoulder and elbow. They are innervated by muscleocutaneous nerve
Deltoid, Pectoralis major, biceps brachii, coracobrachialis

Question 14

Posterior shoulder compartment

Answer 14

Extensors of the shoulder and elbow and are innervated by the radial nerve
Trapezius, supraspinatus, infrasoinatus, terse minor and major, latissimus Dorsi, deltoid

Question 15

Deltoid origin
Insertion
Fibers course
Action
Example

Answer 15

Spine of scapula, acromion process, and clavicle
Deltoid tuberosit of humerus
Superior to inferior around the shoulder joint and the converge toward their insertion
Medial and laterally rotate, flex and extend, and Abduct the arm
Mulipennate muscles

Question 16

Pictorial major origin
Insertion
Fibers course
Action
Example

Answer 16

Clavicle, costal cartilages of ribs 2-6, body of sternum
Crest (medial lip) of the greater tubercle of the humerus
Horizontally from the midline to the brachium
Medial rotate, flex, ADduct the arm
Convergent

Question 17

Biceps Brachii- long head origin
Insertion
Fibers course
Action
Example

Answer 17

Supraglenood tubercle if scapula
Radial tuberosity of radius
Superior to inferior
Flex the arm
Bipennate

Question 18

Coracobrachialis action
Example

Answer 18

Flex the arm
Unipennate

Question 19

Most muscles that insert in the greater tubercle of the humerus
Lesser tubercle

Answer 19

Laterally rotates the arm
Medically rotates

Question 20

Supraspinatus action
Type of muscles
Antagonist to
Synergist to

Answer 20

Abduct the arm
Rotator cuff
Muscles that Adduct the arm
Muscles that Abduct the arm

Question 21

Infraspinatus origin
Insertion
Fibers course
Action
Type of muscle
Antagonist to
Synergist to

Answer 21

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Greater tubercle of the humerus
Medial to lateral with its tendons inserting inferior to the central axis of the shoulder
Adduct and laterally rotate the arm
Rotator cuff
Muscles that abduct and medically rotate the arm
Adduct and lateral rotation

Question 22

teres minor action
Type of muscle
Antagonist to
Synergist to

Answer 22

Adduct and lateral rotate the arm
Rotator cuff
Abduct and medial rotate
Addduxt and laterally rotate

Question 23

Teres major origin
Insertion
Fibers course
Action
Type of muscle
Antagonist to
Synergist to

Answer 23

Inferior angle of the infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Crest of the lesser tubercle
Horizontal and obliquely from posterior to anterior with its tendons inserting anterior and inferior to the central axis of the shoulder
Medial rotation, adduction, and extension of the arm
Not a rotator cuff because its insertion is inferior to the central axis of the joint
Lateral rotator- deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor. Flex- biceps. Abduct- deltoid and supraspinatus
Add- Pectoralis major, infraspinatus, teres minor. Extension- triceps. Medial rotation- deltoid, latissimus dorsi, subscaoularis

Question 24

Subscaoularis action
Type of muscle
Antagonist to
Synergist to

Answer 24

Medial rotate
Rotator cuff
Deltoid and infraspinatus
Deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major

Question 25

Latissimus dorsi action Antagonist to Synergist to Location

Answer 25

Medial rotation, extension and addiction of the arm Deltoid, lateral rotation- infraspinatus and teres minor. Abd- supraspinatus Medial rotation- deltoid, subscaoularis, teres major. Extension- triceps. Adduction- Pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, triceps long head Anterior and posterior muscles due to its origin

Question 26

Muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 26

Flex the shoulder and elbow and innervated by the muscle cutaneous nerve except the brachioradials who’s is the radial nerve Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis, brachiiradialis

Question 27

Biceps brachii short head action Example Antagonist to Synergist to

Answer 27

Flex the elbow and supinate the forearm Bioennate Triceps Brachialis, brachioradials, biceps long head

Question 28

Brachialis action Antagonist to Synergist to

Answer 28

Flex forearm Triceps Biceps, brachioradials

Question 29

Muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 29

Extensors of the shoulder and elbow and innervated by the radial nerve Triceps brachii and anconeus

Question 30

Triceps brachii long head origin Insertion Fibers course Action Antagonist to Synergist to

Answer 30

Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula Elecranon process of he ulna Superior to inferior Extend the arm and forearm and abduct the shoulder Biceps Anconeus and other heads of triceps

Question 31

Tricep brachii lateral head action Antagonist to Synergist to

Answer 31

Extend the elbow- only crosses elbow joint Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradials Anconeus and other heads or triceps

Question 32

Triceps brachii medial head action Antagonist to Synergist to

Answer 32

Extend the elbow- only crosses elbow joint Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradials Anconeus and other heads or triceps

Question 33

Anconeus action Antagonist to Synergist to

Answer 33

Extend the elbow Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradials All triceps heads