Unit 3

Question 1

Hemoglobin

Answer 1

Reddish color from oxygenated blood

Question 2

Carotene

Answer 2

Yellow-orange pigment

Question 3

Melanin

Answer 3

Only one made in the skin and protects skin

Question 4

Cause of pink nails

Answer 4

Capillaries beneath

Question 4

Cause of body odor

Answer 4

Bacteria on skin break down fats and proteins

Question 5

3 barriers of skin and what do they do

Answer 5

Chemical- skin secretes a natural antibiotic that pokes holes in bacteria
Biological- langerhans cells activate immune system
Physical- physical barrier to outside, glycolipids prevent excessive water loss

Question 6

Secretions from oil glands

Answer 6

Sebum

Question 7

Causes of hair colors

Answer 7

Determined from melanocytes in hair follicle. Red hair =iron containing pigment. Gray/white = decreased melanin, air bubbles replace melanin

Question 8

Which group of people are more likely to go bald

Answer 8

Males

Question 9

What does jaundice indicate

Answer 9

Liver problems

Question 10

Secretions from eccrine glands

Answer 10

Sweat

Question 11

Secretions from ceruminous gland

Answer 11

Ear wax

Question 12

Cause of acne

Answer 12

Glands being blocked

Question 13

Causes of black and blue colorations on skin

Answer 13

Blood has escaped circulatory system in the body (bruise)

Question 14

Causes of red skin

Answer 14

Fever, hypertension, embarrassment

Question 15

Causes of pale skin

Answer 15

Anger, emotional stress, anemia

Question 16

How does temperature affect blood vessels

Answer 16

Dermal blood vessels constrict (gets cold)

Question 17

3 types of cartilage and their functions

Answer 17

Hyaline: covers ends of joints, nose, ribs, and respiratory passage
Elastic: external ear and larynx
Fibrocartilage: tough shock absorbing material, between vertebrae

Question 18

Malignant

Answer 18

Cancerous tumor

Question 19

Benign

Answer 19

Tumor, but not cancer causing

Question 20

Metastasize

Answer 20

Cancer spreads to other parts of the body

Question 21

Top layer of skin

Answer 21

Epidermis

Question 22

Bottom layer of skin

Answer 22

Dermis

Question 23

Adipose tissue

Answer 23

Fat

Question 24

Tendon

Answer 24

Connect muscle to bone

Question 25

Ligament

Answer 25

Connect bone to bone

Question 26

Skin grafting

Answer 26

Take skin from one part of the body and move it to the affected area

Question 27

1st degree burn

Answer 27

Epidermis damaged, localized redness, heal in 2-3 days

Question 28

Collagen

Answer 28

Gives skin strength

Question 28

Problems that can arise from burn victims

Answer 28

Loss of fluids, nutrients, infections

Question 29

Keratinocyte

Answer 29

Most common, create keratin

Question 30

Melanocyte

Answer 30

Synthesize the pigment melanin, offers production from ultraviolet light

Question 31

Callus

Answer 31

Accelerated keratin formation in areas of high friction

Question 32

2nd degree burn

Answer 32

Injury epidermis and upper dermis, skin blisters, 3-4 weeks to heal

Question 33

3rd degree burns

Answer 33

Injuries to all levels of skin, black/white, red, or black appearance, nerve endings are destroyed

Question 34

4th degree burns

Answer 34

Charred skin, damage goes to muscles, bones may exposed

Question 35

Stages of growth

Answer 35

1) Growth phase (weeks to years) 2) regressive phase: hair matrix cells die, that hair falls out 3) resting phase (1-3 months) return to growth phase

Question 36

Reasons going bald

Answer 36

Follicle growth phase is very short. Hair falls out immediately

Question 37

What group of people are most likely to go bald?

Answer 37

Male

Question 38

Keratinocytes

Answer 38

Most common, create keratin

Question 39

Melanocyte

Answer 39

Synthesize the pigment melanin, offers production from ultraviolet light

Question 40

Langerhans

Answer 40

Originate from bone marrow, help activate immune system

Question 41

Merkel cell

Answer 41

At the base of epidermis, associated with nerve ending