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AP Human > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

What is Folk Culture?

A

Culture that is passed on for generations

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2
Q

Who practices folk culture?

A

Small, homogeneous groups in isolated, rural areas

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3
Q

What does folk culture value?

A

Tradition, community, “the old ways”

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4
Q

What is folk culture associated with?

A

A “sense of place”

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5
Q

What is Folklore?

A

Oral stories passed down from generation to generation

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6
Q

What is a Habit?

A

A repetitive act by an individual

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7
Q

What is a Custom?

A

When an entire group does a habit

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8
Q

What is a Tradition?

A

The same as a custom, implying longevity

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9
Q

What is Popular Culture?

A

The rapidly changing tastes and customs of a group

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10
Q

Who mostly practices pop culture?

A

Economically developed countries

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11
Q

What is Syncretism?

A

The melding of a newer culture with a more folk culture

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12
Q

What is a Hearth?

A

The point of origin of a cultural trait

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13
Q

What is Relocation Diffusion?

A

The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another

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14
Q

Describe Folk Music:

A
  • Transmitted orally
  • Tells story about daily activities
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15
Q

Describe Pop Music:

A
  • Music industry
  • Advent and diffusion of the radio
  • English is the international language of popular music
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16
Q

What is a Taboo?

A

A restriction on behavior imposed by a social custom

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17
Q

What is a Cultural Region?

A

A geographical unit based on characteristics of culture

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18
Q

What is a Cultural Trait?

A

A single attribute of a culture

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19
Q

What is a Cultural Landscape?

A

How people have modified their environment to their specific needs, technologies, and lifestyles

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20
Q

Describe the American Southwest:

A
  • Arid
  • Dammed rivers to provide water sources
  • Mediterranean climate in Southern California
  • Blend of Native Americans, Hispanics, and Anglo-Americans
  • Under Spanish control until 1821 and Mexican control until 1848
  • Hispanic population is not homogenous
  • Ranching, irrigated farming, mining
  • Being dwarfed by retail trade and tourism
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21
Q

What is the Hispanic population comprised of in the American Southwest?

A
  • Hispanos – Direct decedents from 17th century settlers from Spain
  • Mexican Americans
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22
Q

What do folk food habits derive from?

A

The environment

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23
Q

What is Terroir?

A

The impact of a local environment on food taste

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24
Q

How are food habits influenced by cultural traditions?

A
  • What is eaten establishes one’s social, religious, and cultural membership
  • Food habits often continue as the last hold out of folk customs in a particular region
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25
What does language do?
It ties us together
26
What is Language?
The ability to communicate with others orally and/or in writing
27
Language can be both ______ and _______.
Unifying and dividing
28
How can language be unifying?
Nations use their political power to ensure the widespread adoption of a language
29
How can language be dividing?
Many independence movements fueled by desire to use one’s own language
30
What does monolingual mean?
Has only one official language in which all government business is conducted
31
What does multilingual mean?
Has more than one official language
32
What is a Lingua Franca?
A common tongue among people who speak diverse languages, often to conduct business
33
What is a Dialect?
A form of a language that is different in sound, speed, and syntax
34
What is an Isogloss?
The boundary of a dialect
35
What is Cajun a mix of?
English and French
36
What is Spanglish a mix of?
English and Spanish
37
What is a Pidgin Language?
Mixture of languages (Often very elementary as far as grammar vocabulary but they allow trade to occur)
38
What is a Trade Language?
A made-up language that is used by people who want to trade
39
What is a Creole Language?
A stable language resulting from a blend of two or more languages which does not include features of either
40
What is Cultural Appropriation?
The adoption of customs by other cultures
41
What is Cultural Assimilation?
The process by which a less dominant culture adopts the traits of a more dominant culture so completely that the two cultures become indistinguishable
42
What is Acculturation?
The process by which a less dominant culture adopts some of the traits of a more dominant culture
43
What is an Extinct Language?
A language no longer spoken or read in daily activities by anyone in the world (Ex. Some Native American languages, Gothic, Indigenous African languages)
44
What is a Minority or Endangered Language?
A language spoken by a minority of the population of a country that is sometimes forced to give up their language (Ex. Gaelic, Welsh, or Cherokee)
45
What is AAVE or Ebonics?
African American Vernacular English
46
What is the first and second most spoken languages in the world?
English and Mandarin
47
How did English diffuse?
The creation of the British Empire
48
English is considered a _______ language.
Germanic
49
What is a Language Family?
A group of languages descended from a single, earlier tongue
50
What is a Language Subfamily?
A further division of language groups (Ex. Romance language is a subfamily of Indo-European)
51
What is Religion?
A value system that people place on themselves and others based on a spiritual or divine aspect of the world.
52
All religions have an object of _____ present.
Faith
53
What is Faith?
The belief in things not seen or the things that cannot be proven
54
What is a Monotheistic Religion?
Believe in only one God
55
What is a Polytheistic Religion?
Believe in multiple gods
56
Describe Ethnic Religions:
- Person is born into faith - Little or no effort is put forth to convert others into the religion
57
Describe Universalizing Religions:
- Members actively try to convert others to the religion - Usually larger than ethnic due to efforts of conversion
58
Describe Buddhism:
- Origin: India - Universalizing Religion Three main branches of Buddhism: - Mahayana – China, Japan, Korea - Theravada – Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand - Vajrayana – Tibet and Mongolia
59
Describe Hinduism:
- Origin: India - Ethnic Religion - Polytheistic - Mostly concentrated in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh - Belief in caste system
60
Describe Christianity:
- Origin: Middle East - Universalizing Religion Three major divisions of Christianity: - Roman Catholic - Protestant - Eastern Orthodox
61
Describe Islam:
- Origin: Middle East - Universalizing Religion Two major divisions of Islam: - Sunni - Shiite
62
Describe Judaism:
- Origin: Middle East - Ethnic Religion - First recorded monotheistic religion - Christianity and Islam both stem from Judaism
63
What is an Atheist?
Someone who doesn’t believe in any god or God-like figure
64
What is Agnosticism?
Belief that nothing can be known about whether God exists
65
What is a Secularist?
A person who wants to separate religion from all other aspects of society (Ex. Government, marriage, etc.)

AP Human (6 decks)

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