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NUTR 1020 > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

what the hormones in digestion

A

Cholecystokinin, secretin

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2
Q

What happens to the bonus in the stomach

A

Becomes chyme

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3
Q

What is the purpose of accessory organs

A

Assistance in digesting food stuff

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4
Q

Makes bile

A

Liver

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5
Q

Stores bile

A

Gallbladder

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6
Q

Makes enzymes for chemical digestion of carbs proteins and fats
Makes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid

A

Pancreas

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7
Q

Nutrients like water and lipid byproducts pass freely across membranes

A

passive diffusion

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8
Q

Nutrients like water soluble vitamins diffuse across membranes using specific transport proteins

A

Facilitated diffusion

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9
Q

Nutrients like glucose and amino acids move across membranes against a concentration gradient, energy (atp)

A

Active transport

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10
Q

The duodenum absorbs

A

Many nutrients

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11
Q

The jejunum absorbs

A

Many nutrients

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12
Q

The ileum absorbs

A

Only selected nutrients

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13
Q

The colon absorbs

A

Water

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14
Q

The kidney excretes

A

Water and water soluble waste

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15
Q

The skin excretes

A

Water and water soluble waste

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16
Q

The lungs excrete

A

Carbon dioxide and water

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17
Q

The colon excretes

A

Water is removed, and waste is compacted

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18
Q

Caused by heat alkali or acid treatments or metals and is required before the protein can be digested

A

Protein denaturation

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19
Q

Protein character is determined by

A

How the 20 amino acids are combined together in a sequence

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20
Q

What are the 2 types of protein

A

Fibrous and globular

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21
Q

Characteristics of fibrous protein

A

Exclusively sheet formation, long and straight

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22
Q

Characteristics of globular protein

A

Variation is structure, random

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23
Q

Protein functions include

A

Enzymes, transportation of nutrients

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24
Q

Kwashiorkor

A

Protein deficiency

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25
Marasmus
Protein energy deficiency
26
Accelerated kidney aging can be caused by
Protein excess
27
Soluble fiber decreases
Ldl
28
To avoid mercury contamination eat fish that live
Closer to the surface
29
80% of TFA intake is from ______ and 20% is from _____
Processed foods, animal products
30
Antioxidant vitamins include
Vitamin E (found in nuts, seeds, veg. Oils)
31
PUFA decrease
LDL & HDL
32
TLC diet is for diets needing
Assistance with heart disease
33
High triglyceride levels thickest the blood causing
Hypertriglyceridemia
34
Risk factors for heart disease
Genetics, male, diabetes, obesity, stress
35
What is optimal blood pressure
120/80
36
Pre hypertension blood pressure
120-140/80-90
37
Stage 1 hypertension
140-150/90-100
38
Stage 2 hypertension
>160/ >100
39
Leading cause of arterial wall injury
Hypertension
40
DASH diet
Dietary approach to stop hypertension
41
LDL
bad, 77.5% serum cholesterol
42
HDL
good, 17.5% serum cholesterol
43
You are diabetic if your fasting blood glucose is greater than
126
44
Normal blood glucose is
70-99
45
Pre diabetes blood glucose
100-125
46
Type 2 diabetes is insulin ______
Resistance
47
Type 2 diabetes is ____ common and it ___% of cases
Very, 95%
48
Type 1 diabetes is _____ common, insulin ______, and is __% of cases
Less, defendant, 5%
49
Lactose intolerance and maldigestion are due to inability to digest ____ sugar, NOT an allergic reaction to ____ protien
milk
50
Insulin is anabolic or catabolic
Anabolic
51
Glucagon is anabolic or catabolic
Catabolic
52
Glycogen is the ____ form of glucose
Storage
53
Glucose is used for
Immediate carb energy, muscle functioning
54
Soluble fiber provides _____ health
Heart
55
Benefits of fiber
stool bulk, stool softener, decreases transit time, improves GI tract muscle tone, heart health
56
Function fiber is fiber we ____
add
57
Solubility means
Softens and gels in water
58
Sources of soluble fiber
Fruits, vegetables, legumes, and oats
59
Insolubility means
Does not soften in water
60
Sources of insoluble fiber
whole grain foods, celery strings, Apple peels
61
Fiber recommendations: Personalized DRI is
1.4 grams fiber per total fiber per 100 cal consumed
62
What are enzymes made of
protein

NUTR 1020 (4 decks)

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