Unit 3 Flashcards
(76 cards)
folk culture6
rural, homogeneous, isolated, oral/slow/limited/relocation diffusion, local/regional, tradition
popular culture6
urban, heterogenous, interconnected, rapid/expansion/extensive diffusion, national/global, trends
local culture
group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a collective or a community, who share experiences, customs, and traits, and who work to preserve those traits and customs in order to claim uniqueness and to distinguish themselves from others
material culture
the art, housing, clothing, sports, dances, foods, and other similar items constructed or created by a group of people
nonmaterial culture
the beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values of a group of people
assimilation
the process through which people lose originally differentiating traits, such as dress, speech particularities or mannerisms, when they come into contact with another society of culture (ex. US policies to assimilate indigenous people in the 1800s by using schools, churches, and government to discourage native practices)
custom
habit routinely followed by a group of people
cultural appropriation
the process by which cultures adopt customs and knowledge from other cultures and use them for their own benefit (ex. domesticated horses by native americans)
commodification
the process through which something is given monetary value. occurs when a good or idea that previously was not regarded as an object to be bought and sold is turned into something that has a particular price and that ban be traded in a market economy (ex. selling tours to observe an Amish village)
time-space compression
refers to the social and psychological effects of living in a world in which time-space convergence has rapidly reached a high level of intensity, representative of today’s diffusion, where the likelihood of diffusion depends on the connectedness between places
taboo
a social or religious custom prohibiting or forbidding discussion of a particular practice or forbidding association with a particular person, place, or thing
placelessness (uniform landscape)
the loss of uniqueness of a place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next (ex. major North American roadways are full of McDonald’s, Target, and Applebee’s)
reterritorialization
with respect to popular culture, when people within a place start to produce an aspect of popular culture themselves, doing so in the context of their local culture and making it their own (ex. hip hop around the world)
race
a categorization of humans based on skin color and other physical characteristics (ex. Caucasian)
residential segregation
the degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another, in different parts of an urban environment
ethnicity
affiliation or identity within a group of people bound by common ancestry and culture (ex. Swiss Americans)
gendered
in terms of a place, whether the place is designed for or claimed by men or women
standard language
the variant of a language that a country’s political and intellectual elite seek to promote as the norm for use in schools, government, the media, and other aspects of public life
dialects
local or regional characteristics of a language, has distinctive grammar and vocabulary
isogloss
geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs
language families
groups of language with a shared but fairly distant origin
subfamilies
divisions within a language family where the commonalities are more definite and the origin is more recent
language divergence
process when new languages are formed when a language breaks into dialects due to a lack of spatial interaction among speakers of the language
cognate
a word that has the same linguistic derivation as another word (comes from same root as other word)
