Unit 3 Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
Protestant Reformation:
A
A 16th century movement that changed the doctrines and practices of the RCC, which caused the creation of protestant churches.
2
Q
Protestant:
A
A member of any of the western Christian churches that are not Roman Catholic.
3
Q
Expansionism:
A
A government policy encouraging territorial or economic expansion to other countries, often by force.
4
Q
Cartography:
A
The science of mapmaking.
5
Q
Circumnavigate:
A
To go around the earths whole circumference.
6
Q
Indigenous:
A
Referring to the original inhabitants of a region.
7
Q
Imperialism:
A
The policy of a country or empire to extend it’s authority or domination by political, economic or military means.
8
Q
Ethnocentrism:
A
A belief that ones own race or culture is superior to others.
9
Q
Diversity:
A
Variety
10
Q
Inflation:
A
An increase in prices and a decrease in the purchasing power of money.
11
Q
Meso-American:
A
A region stretching from central Mexico to Nicaragua, usually used in terms of the region’s ancient civilizations and Aboriginal cultures.
12
Q
Consumerism:
A
Focusing on collecting and using material goods or products.
13
Q
Conscript:
A
To force someone to join or enlist an enterprise.
14
Q
Mother tongue:
A
One’s native language from birth.
15
Q
Literate:
A
Able to read and write.
16
Q
Pluralistic:
A
Describing a society in which members of minority groups maintain their different cultural traditions.
17
Q
Martin Luther was a…
A
German Priest and proffesor.
18
Q
Where did Martin Luther teach?
A
University of Wittenburg.
19
Q
Luther believed that…(3)
A
- Following the rituals of the RCC was not enough to get into heaven.
- Individuals should seek personal religious understanding.
- Individuals should not pay the church to receive forgiveness for their sins.
20
Q
In—-Luther began to speak publicly of his concerns with church teachings and practices.
A
1517
21
Q
Martin Luther wrote a________that listed___church_______he felt were necessary.
A
Pamphlet
95
Reforms
22
Q
The pope declared___of the_____to be______.
A
41
Reforms
Heresy
23
Q
Luthers books were…
A
Publicly burned in Rome.
24
Q
Luther was________from the church in____.
A
Expelled
1521
25
In protest, he...
Started his own church.
26
They were then known as_________.
Protestants
27
Because of the Protestant Reformation:View 1 on religion was...
Individuals myst follow the rules, rituals and teachings of the RCC without question.
28
Because of the Protestant Reformation:View 2 on religion was...
Individuals should question religion, respond to the bible personally and make your own interpretation.
29
As a result of the______________people began to question...(3)
Protestant Reformation
The behaviour of the popes and clergy.
The rules and rituals of the church
The thought that they were to accept the church and it's authority without question.
30
People wanted to see the RCC________.(______)
Reformed
| Changed
31
The reformation_______________christians
Divided
32
As a result of the christian separations_______broke out.
Wars
33
The printing press brought the ideas of_________to all that could read.
Reformation
34
People became more_______.
Literate
35
The_____often interpreted the bible for illiterate people.
Clergy
36
Protestant Reform is an example of...
The rapid spread of ideas across Europe.
37
_________and___________were often at war.
Protestant and catholic states
38
_________leaders used citizen's ________beliefs to help build their_______power.
Political
Religious
Political
39
Fight for religious freedom created a sense of_______and_______________among people that influenced the...
Solidarity
Common identity
The formation of countries
40
Heretic:
A person believing in or practicing religious beliefs against a given religion.
41
Small_____________joined
| Together to form...
Political units
| Larger states
42
______supported the formation of larger states because...
Other laws gave them allegiance and wealth.
43
Formation of larger states because of the development of__________________through__________ , ______________,and__________.
Local identities
Language
Religion
Beliefs
44
______was brought from_____.
Gunpowder
| China
45
Monarchs used_____from the cities and hired mercenaries to overpower____.
Taxes
| Nobles
46
The printing press brought...creating a sense of_______and______
Information and stories about local heroes/ tales
History
Identity
47
Exploration of__________led to establishment of__________and brought_____and______to founding_________.
```
Other lands
Colonies
Prestige
Wealth
Countries
```
48
People now belonged to a________or_______and not to a___________.
Country
State
Feudal property
49
People became______of a______and gave________to_________
Citizen
Country
Allegiance
Monarch
50
___________________________promoted feelings of____and______.
Exploration of new lands
Hope
Possibilities
51
People became_______of a country and gave___________to_________.
Citizen
Allegiance
Monarch
52
Exploration of new lands promoted feelings of____and________.
Hope
| Possibilities
53
you could now move out of the_____________________.
Class structure
54
Public services began to be provided by the____________________.
Central government
55
The_____and________of states created competition between the______for__________.
Size
Power
Church
Authority
56
________began to____________their_________and clearly defined lines of authority.
Monarchs
Centralize
Government structure
57
__________________were set up to ensure_________/__________independence.
Government policies
| Political/economic independence.
58
_______________were set up and were paid by______.
Permanent Armies
| Taxes
59
Resources were provided to large state projects such as...(2)
Exploration
| War
60
Centralized____/______set by_______and________.
Laws/rules
Monarch
Government
61
_______(____and_____)created to control______and________.
```
State policies(tax and trade)
Trade and business
```
62
_______________unified citizens.
Common language
63
_______and________class became_______.
Middle
Upper
Literate
64
_________________published in______________to state.
Religious literature
| Common language
65
____________chosen to unify state/country.
National language
66
Trade meant______,______and_______.
Trade
Wealth
Profit
67
Exploration_________with new________________and new______________________.
Increased
Geographical knowledge
Sailing technologies
68
European expansionism spread their___________all over the world.
Worldview
69
The silk road...
Wasn't good enough anymore.
70
_______trips were organized and went directly to the____not the_________.
Trading trips
Source
Middlemen
71
New trade route to the______had to be found in order to go directly to the_____and to avoid______,and to find a______route.
East
Source
Middlemen
Safe
72
The concept that the earth was a_____and not _______, gave sailors confidence to...
Sphere
Flat
That they could sail around the world to Asia and not fall off the world
73
Interest created in...
Travel and exploring new areas
74
________________was created by trying to get a_______________in______such as__________,_______of________based on_____and_______designs emerged.
```
Technological advancement
Competitive advantage
Trade
Cartography
Designs
Arabic
European
```
75
_______from_______was being used.
Compass
| China
76
________from___________inventors were being used.
Astrolabes
| Islamic
77
________allowed sailors to get_____and_________________that helped them on their______.
Printing press
Maps
Navigational tables
Voyages
78
_______,________,_______and______became the lead players of the age of exploration.
Portugal
France
Spain
England
79
Each lead player had an_____________.It was the best position to...
Atlantic coastline
| Explore unknown parts of the world in the West.
80
_________financed overseas explorations hoping to find and secure a______to______for their country only
Monarchs
Route
China
81
New values favoring______and________, increased_________and__________of wealth spurred on further exploration.
Travel
Exploration
Consumerism
Accumulation
82
_______Portuguese sailors headed______and_____along the_____coast of_______.(To find new route to_____and____)
```
1400's
South
East
Western
Africa
India and china
```
83
Portugal became the new____________for Europe.
Trade capital
84
Noted explorers of Portugal were...(2)
Bartholomew Diaz and Vasco da Gama
85
Bartholomew Diaz...
Reached the Cape of Good Hope in 1487
86
Vasco da Gama...
Crossed the Indian Ocean in 1524
87
Spain was______of Portugals_____and_____.
Envious
Wealth
Power
88
Spain wanted to find...
A direct route to China.
89
Noted explorers of Spain were...(2)
Columbus
| Magellan
90
Magellan...
Explored the east coast of south Africa and found a passageway that led to the strait of magellan(first to circumnavigate the globe)
91
Columbus...
Discovered the Caribbean islands in 1492(thought it was Japan.
92
England was interested in______within______not_____.
Trade
Europe
Asia
93
John Cabot is also called...
Giovanni Caboto
94
John Cabot was______by_________and went to_________in______.
Funded
England
Newfoundland
1497
95
England saw Spain and Portugal become wealthy and decided it was time to...
Explore further
96
In_______Martin Frobisher was funded and searched for the...
1560
| Northwest passage
97
By the_____century England had established more_______on the__________________than any other European country.
17
Colonies
Northern American Coast
98
France also saw Spain and Portugal become wealthy and decided it was time to...
Explore further
99
Frances expedition to______was defeated by the_______.
Florida
| Spanish
100
In______Jaques Cartier explored the_________________.
St.Lawrence river
101
Imperialism built to_______________and_________of the controlling country.
Increase power
| Wealth
102
Lands the___________took over were called____________even though people had been living there for thousands of years.
Europeans
| New worlds
103
__________________thought they had the right to colonies based on their belief of_________and______________________.
Imperialist Nations
Cultural
Political superiority
104
________people were not viewed as______since they didn't follow strict__________guidelines and____________, they were then called__________.
```
Indigenous
Equal
European
Belief system
Savages
```
105
Most societies practiced...
Ethnocentrism
106
The aztec/Inca were considered...
Inferior
107
Chinese/Indian considered...
Barbarous
108
Europeans believed__________was the only true religion and thought it was their duty to convert everyone to_______.
Christianity
| Christian
109
_________and________affected the distribution of plants and animals around the world.
Exploration
| Colonization
110
North America was transformed by...(5)
```
Metals
Horses/ox
Firearms
Wheels
War technologies
```
111
European diseases killed an estimated___%-___% of the indigenous population.
75%-90%
112
Some of the European diseases that killed the indigenous people were...(3)
Tuberculosis
Measles
Small pox
113
American indigenous people ways of life were...(3)
Personal liberty
Ideas about government/consensus
Lack of emphasis on personal property/wealth.
114
_________of European countries changed due to______coming from_______.
Economy
Wealth
Colonies
115
______/________coming from_______/_______empires into____upset the balance of Europe.
Gold/Silver
Aztec/Incan
Spain
116
More gold meant...
Gold lost it's value
117
_________and____________didn't develop industries or manufacturing facilities as it could_________.
Portugal
Spain
Buy all
118
_______,_________and the___________developed industries and facilities to provide the goods for________,________and_________.
```
England
Germany
Netherlands
Spain
Portugal
```
119
The more money in circulation...
The less it was worth(Inflation)
