UNIT 3 - Ecosystems

Question 1

What is biodiversity?

Answer 1

The total variety of all living things on earth

Question 2

What is a habitat?

Answer 2

The place where an organism lives

Question 3

What is a population?

Answer 3

A population is all the members of one species living in a habitat

Question 4

What is a community?

Answer 4

All the different organisms living in a habitat

Question 5

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 5

All the organisms living in a habitat and their non-living components with which the organisms interact

Question 6

What is a producer?

Answer 6

It is a green plant that makes its own food using photosynthesis. They are always found at the start of a food chain

Question 7

What is a consumer?

Answer 7

Organisms that eat (consume) a producer or another consumer for energy

Question 8

What is a herbivore?

Answer 8

Organisms who only eat plant material

Question 9

What is an omnivore?

Answer 9

Organisms which eat both plant and animal material

Question 10

What is a carnivore?

Answer 10

Organisms who only eat animal material

Question 11

What is a predator?

Answer 11

Organisms who hunt other animals for their food

Question 12

What is prey?

Answer 12

Organisms that are hunted by a predator

Question 13

What is a niche?

Answer 13

The role that an organism plays within a community

Question 14

What is a species?

Answer 14

A group of organisms who can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 15

What do the arrows in a food chain represent?

Answer 15

The direction of energy flow from one organism to another

Question 16

What is a food chain?

Answer 16

A diagram which shows how energy is passed on from one organism to another in an ecosystem, when organisms are eaten

Question 17

What are the three ways that energy is lost from a food chain?

Answer 17

1) it is used in movement.
2) it is used for heat
3) undigested food

Question 18

How much energy is passed on to the next organism for growth?

Answer 18

Very little because the majority of energy is lost

Question 19

What do food pyramids do?

Answer 19

They give you information about the organisms at each stage of the food chain

Question 20

what’s on the bottom of the food pyramid?

Answer 20

the producer

Question 21

what is a pyramid of numbers?

Answer 21

a diagram that represents the number of organisms at each stage

Question 22

what does a pyramid of energy represent?

Answer 22

the energy at each stage of a food chain

Question 23

what shape is a pyramid of energy?

Answer 23

ALWAYS A PYRAMID

Question 24

what does competition occur between? and why?

Answer 24

it occurs between organisms when they require the same resources but it is in short supply

Question 25

state things animals might compete for?

Answer 25

-food -water -shelter -mates

Question 26

state things plants may compete for?

Answer 26

-light -water -soil nutrients -space to grow

Question 27

what is intrAspecific competition?

Answer 27

competition which occurs between members of the same species

Question 28

what is intERspecific competition?

Answer 28

competition which occurs between members of different species

Question 29

what is the most intense type of competition?

Answer 29

intraspecific competition is more intense as it is competition for ALL resources required

Question 30

what are the 2 types of factors that affect biodiversity?

Answer 30

-biotic -abiotic

Question 31

what are abiotic factors?

Answer 31

non-living factors

Question 32

what are biotic factors?

Answer 32

factors which are directly related to living organisms

Question 33

what are some examples of biotic factors?

Answer 33

-disease -food availability -predators -competition

Question 34

what are some examples of abiotic factors?

Answer 34

-temperature -light intensity -pH -moisture

Question 35

What are some sources with error and results of those errors in pitfall traps:

Answer 35

-trap not level with soil surface: organisms wont fall in -traps left to long/not checked regularly: organisms may eat each other -tap not camouflaged: predation occurs, e.g. birds eating what’s in the traps -no drainage holes in trap: trap may flood and organisms will be lost

Question 36

What is a source of error and solution when measuring soil pH or moisture?

Answer 36

Source of error: reading may be contaminated from previous reading Solution: wipe the probe clean between each use

Question 37

What is a source of error and solution when measuring Light Intensity?

Answer 37

Source of error: standing infront of meter which will block the sensor Solution: stand it the side of the meter whilst taking a reading

Question 38

What is a source of error and solution when measuring Temperature?

Answer 38

Source of error: reading may be inaccurate Solution: leave for a time to adjust before reading