unit 3 part 2

Question 1

at the base of the brain stem

responsible for life maintaining processes like breathing and heart beat

triggers vomiting and sneezing

Answer 1

medulla

Question 2

part of pons

controls arousal and consciousness sleep and wake cycle

damage can cause coma

Answer 2

reticular formation

Question 3

sits on top of the brain stem

the brains sensory control center

incoming sensory info is received in this and sent to cortex for processing

Answer 3

thalamus

Question 4

sits behind the top portion of the brain stem

involved in fine motor control such as handwriting coordination posture and balance

damage can cause problems with balance coordination and judging distances

Answer 4

cerebellum

Question 5

helps with remembering skills

Answer 5

cerebellum

Question 6

helps stow info into long term memory

stores spatial memory (navigation and location of objects)

one of the first brain regions affected by alzheimer’s disease

Answer 6

hippocampus

Question 7

regulates the autonomic nervous system(bodily organs and glands)

monitors and regulates body temp, hunger, thirst, and sexual responses

hormones alert this of bodily states

directs other glands to release hormones in response

Answer 7

hypothalamus

Question 8

regulates feelings of hunger

damage can cause you to never feel hungry

Answer 8

lateral hypothalamus (LH)

Question 9

regulates feelings of fullness

damage can cause you to never feel full

Answer 9

ventromedial hypothalamus (VH)

Question 10

the wrinkled outer portion of the brain

wrinkles allow more tissue to be packed into a smaller area

contains a left and right hemisphere

each hemisphere has 4 lobes separated by fissures(deep folds)

Answer 10

cerebral cortex

Question 11

executive functions are judgment planning reasoning problem solving and involved in personality

helps with moral judgment

people with damage to this can lose moral compass and display violent or offensive behavior

Answer 11

frontal lobes prefrontal cortex

Question 12

located in the rear of FL and controls voluntary movement

Answer 12

frontal lobes motor cortex

Question 13

involved in speech production located in left frontal lobe next to motor cortex

Answer 13

brocas area

Question 14

damage to broca causes difficulty producing speech sentences are simple this is called

Answer 14

brocas aphasia

Question 15

processes sensory signals from the body(touch pressure temperature and pain)

helps with spatial orientation (where u are located / what position u are in)

Answer 15

parietal lobes

Question 16

registers and processes body touch and movement sensations

sits directly behind the motor cortex

Answer 16

parietal lobes somatosensory cortex

Question 17

involved in the comprehension and understanding of written and spoken language

Answer 17

wernicke’s area

Question 18

difficulty expressing and understanding written and spoken words/sentences

Answer 18

wernicke’s aphasia

Question 19

large band of neural fibers that connect the right and left hemispheres

allows both hemispheres to communicate with each other

Answer 19

corpus callosum

Question 20

records brains electrical activity

waves measured by electrodes placed on scalp

helps identify seizures and abnormalities in brain activity

Answer 20

EEG (electroencephalogram)

Question 21

examines brain function by observing the amount of metabolic activity in different brain regions

measures glucose absorption after injection with radioactive isotope

shows which brain regions are active at the time

Answer 21

PET scan (positron emission tomography)

Question 22

examines brain structure by using x rays

yields info about the exact shape and position of structures

can help diagnose tumors

Answer 22

CT scan

Question 23

assembles picture of brain using strong magnetic pulses

can show healthy tissue tumors tissue degeneration and blood clots or leaks that may signal strokes

Answer 23

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

Question 24

examines brain function by measuring blood flow and oxygen use within the brain

much more precise than PET scans

Answer 24

fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging)