unit 6

Question 1

classical conditioning

Answer 1

a type of learning in which we link two or more stimuli

Question 2

in classical conditioning an unlearned naturally occurring response (like salivating) to an uncondtioned stimulus

Answer 2

unconditioned response (UR)

Question 3

in classical conditioning a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers an unconditioned response (UR)

Answer 3

unconditioned stimulus

Question 4

in classical conditioning a learned response to a previously neutral (but now conditioned) stimulus (CS)

Answer 4

conditioned response(CS)

Question 5

in classical conditioning an originalally neutral stimulus that after association with an unconditioned stimulus(US)
comes to trigger a conditioned(CR)

Answer 5

conditioned stimulus(CS)

Question 6

a procedure where the conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus creating a second(often weaker) conditioned stimulus

Answer 6

second/higher order conditioning

Question 7

the diminishing of a conditioned response

occurs in classical conditioning when an unconditioned stimulus doesn’t follow a conditioned stimulus

occurs in operant conditioning when a response is. no longer reinforced

Answer 7

extinction

Question 8

once a response has been condition, the tendency for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses

ex. dog conditioned to sound of one tone also responds to the sound of a new and different tone

Answer 8

stimulus generalization

Question 9

in in classical conditioning the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned r stimulus and similar stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus

i’m operant conditioning the ability to distinguish responses that are reinforced from similar responses that are not reinforced

Answer 9

discrimination

Question 10

operant conditioning

Answer 10

a type of learning where organisms associate their own actions with consequences

Question 11

i’m operant conditioning any event that strengthens the behavior it follows

Answer 11

reinforcement

Question 12

an operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behaviors toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior

Answer 12

shaping

Question 13

examples of operant conditioning

Answer 13

shaping
reinforcement

Question 14

positive reinforcement

Answer 14

strengthens response by presenting a pleasurable stimulus immediately after a response

Question 15

negative reinforcement

Answer 15

strengthens a response by reducing or removing something negative

Question 16

removes an aversive(unwanted) stimulus

Answer 16

negative reinforcement

Question 17

adds a desirable stimulus

Answer 17

positive reinforcement

Question 18

a pattern that defines how often a desired response will be reinforced

Answer 18

reinforcement schedules

Question 19

reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses

ex. free coffee after every 100 points earned

Answer 19

fixed ratio schedules

Question 20

reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses

ex. gambling

Answer 20

variable ratio schedules

Question 21

reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed

ex. discount prices every tuesday

Answer 21

fixed interval shedules

Question 22

reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals

ex. studying for unpredictable pop quiz

Answer 22

variable interval schedules

Question 23

punishment

Answer 23

an event that tends to decreases the behavior that follows

Question 24

give an aversive(unwanted) stimulus

Answer 24

positive punishment

Question 25

withdraw a rewarding stimulus

Answer 25

negative punishment

Question 26

learning by observing others can be called social learning

Answer 26

observational learning

Question 27

the process of observing and imitating a specific behavior

Answer 27

modeling

Question 28

albert bandura

Answer 28

researcher of observational learning (bobo doll)

Question 29

positive constructive, helpful behavior

Answer 29

prosocial

Question 30

negative behavior

Answer 30

antisocial

Question 31

learned association between the taste of a food and illness such that you always think that good causes illness

Answer 31

taste aversion

Question 32

how you interpret sensory info

Answer 32

perception

Question 33

part of brain affected by alcohol

Answer 33

cerebellum