unit 7 cognition

Question 1

a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli
quick mental image

Answer 1

iconic memory

Question 2

a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli
recalling sounds from 3-4 seconds even when attention is elsewhere

Answer 2

echoic memory

Question 3

explicit memory of facts and general knowledge

Answer 3

semantic memory

Question 4

explicit memory of personally experienced events

Answer 4

episodic memory

Question 5

part of brain that stores episodic/semantic

Answer 5

frontal lobe + hippocampus

Question 6

activation(often unconsciously) of certain associations which affects one’s perception memory or response

Answer 6

priming

Question 7

cues and contexts specific to a particular memory with help us recall it

Answer 7

encoding specificity principle

Question 8

our tendency to recall the best, last(recency effect), and first(primary effect) items on a list

Answer 8

serial position effect

Question 9

prior learning disrupts your recall of new info

Answer 9

proactive interference

Question 10

new learning disrupts recall of old info

Answer 10

retroactive inference

Question 11

all mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating

Answer 11

cognition

Question 12

the ability to consider many different options and to think in novel ways

Answer 12

divergent thinking

Question 13

being driven more by interest

Answer 13

intrinsic motivation

Question 14

similar thinking strategy(short cut) allows us to make judgements/ solve problems faster

Answer 14

heuristics

Question 15

seek evidence for our ideas more eagerly than we seek evidence against them

Answer 15

confirmation bias

Question 16

which part of the brain is activated during a scary experience

Answer 16

amygdala

Question 17

our tendency to approach a problem with the mind set of what has worked for us previously

Answer 17

mental set

Question 18

estimating the likelihood of events in terms of how well they seem to represent or match particular prototypes(causes us to ignore other relevant info)

Answer 18

representativeness heuristic

Question 19

estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory

if instances come readily we presume their common

Answer 19

availability heuristic

Question 20

smallest distinctive sound units in language

ex that has 3
th, a, t

Answer 20

phonemes

Question 21

smallest language units that carry meaning
every word contains one or more of this

Answer 21

morphemes

Question 22

the correct way to string words together to form a sentence

Answer 22

syntax

Question 23

two word sentences
go car

Answer 23

telegraphic speech

Question 24

language controls the way we think and interpret the world around us

Answer 24

whorfs idea linguistic determinism

Question 25

designed fair and unbiased intelligence tests to measure mental age of children in which level of performance is typically associated with chronological age

Answer 25

alfred binet

Question 26

i encoding something based on how it relates to u type of deep processing

Answer 26

self referent processing

Question 27

knowing the answer but not being able to retrieve it

Answer 27

tip of the tongue phenomenon

Question 28

independent variable

Answer 28

what’s being changed

Question 29

randomly assigning people to the control group or experimental group

Answer 29

random assignment

Question 30

repeating items over and over to maintain them in short term memory ex. repeating phone number until u dial it

Answer 30

maintenance rehearsal

Question 31

our overall impression of a person influences how we feel and think ab their character we see what we wanna see

Answer 31

the halo effect

Question 32

a mnemonic device where items to be remembered are converted into mental images and associated with specific positions/locations

Answer 32

method of loci

Question 33

type of research that looks at the relationships between two or more variables

Answer 33

correlational study

Question 34

takes sensory info and makes it into something meaningful it’s how u interpret sensory info

Answer 34

perception

Question 35

the minimum difference needed to detect two stimuli are different

Answer 35

difference threshold

Question 36

what would someone be looking for when conducting a longitude study

Answer 36

to detect and changes in individuals that might occur over a period of time

Question 37

when u see an image that has missing parts ur brain fills in the blanks so i can recognize it

Answer 37

gestalt theory

Question 38

misunderstanding of correlational studies

Answer 38

something can have 100% positive correlation with something else but it’s not always the cause

Question 39

the variable being tested and measured in an experiment

Answer 39

dependent variable