Unit 3 Vocab (1780s-1815) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Unit 3 Vocab (1780s-1815) Deck (45)
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1
Q

Republican Motherhood

A

attitude toward women’s roles present in emerging US before, during and after the Revolution

2
Q

The “critical period”

A

a period in which America faced economic, political and social chaos

3
Q

Annapolis Convention

A

convention in which 12 delegates from 5 states (NJ, NY, PA, DE, VA) gathered, wanted to reverse the protectionist trade barriers

4
Q

Federalist Papers

A

essays that explained how the new gov and constitution would work
- Jay, Hamilton and Madison wrote the essays

5
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

farmers protested the foreclosures of farms for debt

6
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

first organized territory of the US
- included lands beyond the App. Mountains, between British Canada and the Great Lakes to the north and Ohio River to south

7
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

money man, Founding Father, founder of nation’s financial system that put US on a firm financial ground

8
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

it was an armed rebellion in which people rebelled against the new whiskey tax

9
Q

Land Ordinance of 1785

A

standardized system= settlers could purchase farmland title, land sales provided revenue stream for congress

10
Q

Genêt Affair

A

Genêt was dispatched by French assembly, they wanted him to enlist American support for French wars

11
Q

Compact theory

A

holds that the country was formed through a compact agreed upon by all states

12
Q

Enumerated powers

A

congress may exercise the powers that the Constitution grants it

13
Q

Pinckney’s Treaty

A

established friendship between US and Spain, defined bound. of the US with the Spanish colonies, US gets nav rights on the Miss. River

14
Q

“Strict constructionist”

A

wants to limits or restricts judicial interpretation, strict docs

15
Q

“Farewell Address”

A

warned America of the political dangers they can and must avoid if they are to remain true to their values, Washington

16
Q

Jay’s Treaty

A

treaty between the US and Britain, credited with preventing war

17
Q

American Colonization Society

A

ACS intended to support free African Americans, presence served as “perpetual excitement” to enslaved blacks

18
Q

1st Bank of US (debate)

A

Hamilton’s bank proposal faced resistance from Jefferson and Madison, claimed the bank was unconstitutional

19
Q

Orders in Council

A

closed the French-owned EU ports to foreign shipping

20
Q

Anti-Federalists

A

movement that opposed the ratification of the 1787 constitution, wanted the Bill of Rights and wouldn’t sign constitution w/o it

21
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

allowed president to imprison and deport non citizens who were deemed dangerous or from a hostile nation

22
Q

Nullification

A

state has right to nullify or invalidate any federal law the state has deemed unconstitutional

23
Q

Bill of Rights

A

first ten amendments of the Constitution

24
Q

“Loose constructionist”

A

favoring a liberal construction of the constitution, broader power to federal government

25
Q

XYZ Affair

A

involved a confrontation between US and Republican France that led to the undeclared Quasi-War

26
Q

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

A

political statements in which KY and VA legislative took position that the federal Alien/Sedition Acts were unconstitutional

27
Q

“Revolution of 1800”

A

Thomas Jefferson defeated Adams, 1st peaceful transfer of power between parties

28
Q

Judiciary Act of 1801

A

reduced size of Supreme Court, six judges to five

29
Q

The “Marshall Court”

A

under Marshall, SC decisions upheld the supremacy of federal legislation over state

30
Q

Impressment

A

act of taking men into navy with or without force

31
Q

Midnight judges

A

last minute appointments made by US President John Adams, said that Adams signed appointments until midnight of his last day in office

32
Q

Judicial Review

A

power to override laws, established during Marbury v Madison case

33
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

land deal between US and France, acquired approximately 827,000 square miles

34
Q

Barbary Pirates

A

operated from North Africa, US defeated them in Tripolitan Wars which helped the US gain credibility

35
Q

Embargo Act of 1807

A

made any and all exports from the US illegal

36
Q

Non-Intercourse Act

A

replaced Embargo Act of 1807, lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports

37
Q

“Great Compromise”

A

defined the legislative structure and representation each state would have under the US Constitution

38
Q

Abigail Adams

A

John Adams’ wife, John sought her advice with letters and their letters served as eyewitness account of the American Revolutionary War home front

39
Q

Gabriel Prosser’s Rebellion

A

he gathered 1,000 rebellious slaves outside Richmond; however, two ppl gave the plot away + the Virginia militia stopped the uprising before it could begin

40
Q

Tecumseh

A

leader who fought against the United States expansion into the midwest, defeated at the battle of Tippecanoe

41
Q

Hartford Convention

A

Federalist Party met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the political problems arising

42
Q

Treaty of Ghent

A

ended the war of 1812, Territory captured was returned to the original owner, set up a convention to determine the Canada/US border

43
Q

Battle of New Orleans

A

the British army attempted to take New Orleans, Andrew Jackson defeated them, which gave him an enormous popularity boost, Treaty of Ghent ended it

44
Q

War Hawks

A

urged war with Britain to protect free trade and the rights of sailors

45
Q

Milan Decree

A

ruled that neutral ships that complied with the British orders in council were subject to seizure when they reached continental ports